2.1.2 L) The Synthesis and Breakdown of Dipeptides and Polypeptides by the Formation and Breakage of Peptide Bonds Flashcards
1
Q
Proteins:
A
polypeptides(type pf polymer) made up of monomers (single repeating units) calledamino acids
2
Q
Example of monomer, dimer and polymer:
A
- monomer = amino acid
- dimer = dipeptide
- polymer - protein/polypeptide
3
Q
Peptide bonds:
A
- peptide bonds form between amino acids
- covalent bonds so involve the sharing of electrons → very strong
4
Q
How is a peptide bond formed between 2 amino acids?
A
- a hydroxyl (-OH) is lost from the carboxylic group of one amino acid and a hydrogen atom is lost from the amine group of another amino acid
- the remaining carbon atom (with the double-bonded oxygen) from the first amino acid bonds to the nitrogen atom of the second amino acid
- this is acondensationreaction so water is released/formed/eliminated
5
Q
Dipeptides:
A
formed by the condensation of2amino acids - peptide bond between 2 amino acids
6
Q
Polypeptides:
A
formed by the condensation ofmany(3 or more) amino acids - 2 or more peptide bonds
7
Q
What takes place during hydrolysis reactions?
A
the addition of waterbreaks the peptide bondsresulting in polypeptides being broken down to amino acids
8
Q
Condensation reaction diagram:
A
