2.1.12 Percentage Yields

Question 1

Why are yields of 100% rarely obtained?

Answer 1

• The reaction may be at equilibrium and may not go to completion.
• Side reactions may occur, leading to by-products.
• The reactants may not be pure.
• Some of the reactants or products may be left behind in the apparatus used in the experiment.
• Separation and purification may result in the loss of some of the product.