21.11 Psych, Disorders of language

Question 1

Which hemisphere do most people lateralise language to?

Answer 1

Left (95% R handers, 70% L handers)

Question 2

What does the superior division of the MCA supply?

Answer 2

Sensorimotor cortex, ventro lateral prefrontal cortex

Question 3

What does the inferior division of the MCA supply?

Answer 3

Temporoparietal cortex

Visual tracts

Question 4

Where is a lesion located in Broca’s aphasia? What can they not do?

Answer 4

Anterior lesion

Loss of grammatical structure (non-fluent)

Question 5

Where is a lesion located in Wernicke’s aphasia? What can they not do?

Answer 5

Posterior lesion

Impaired selection of content (fluent)

Question 6

What are the structures in Broca’s area?

Answer 6

Pars triangularis

Pars opercularis

Question 7

What are the structures in Wernicke’s area?

Answer 7

Supramarginal gyrus

Angular gyrus

Question 8

What connects Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas?

Answer 8

Arcuate fasiculus (white mater tract)

Question 9

Which language syndrome do you get associated motor weakness? Where

Answer 9

Broca’s aphasia, R face and arm weakness

Question 10

Which syndrome do you get impaired comprehension?

Answer 10

Wernicke’s aphasia

Question 11

What is conduction aphasia?

Answer 11

Fluent, intact basic comprehension,

Poor repetition

Question 12

What is transcortical motor aphasia?

Answer 12

Non-fluent (mute?)

Good repetition

Question 13

When do contralateral vs. ipislateral reorganisation/transfer occur?

Answer 13

Contra: early hemispherectomy

Ipsi: focal developmental abnormality, stroke (adult onset)