21.1- DEFINING AN ACID

Question 1

What is an acid?

Answer 1

substance that can donate a proton (H+ ion)

Question 2

What is a base?

Answer 2

substance that can accept a proton

Question 3

When hydrogen chloride gas and ammonia react to form ammonium chloride, how does hydrogen chloride act as an acid?

Answer 3

by donating proton to ammonia

Question 4

When hydrogen chloride gas and ammonia react to form ammonium chloride, how does ammonia act as a base?

Answer 4

accepts a proton

Question 5

How can acids and bases react as only?

Answer 5

can only react in pairs

Question 6

What is H30+ called?

Answer 6

oxonium ion, but names hydronium ion + hydroxonium ions also used

Question 7

What can water act as?

Answer 7

as an acid

Question 8

What does the extremely small size of a proton + consequent intense electric field cause it to have?

Answer 8

unusual properties compared with other positive ions

Question 9

What is the H+ ion never found as?

Answer 9

never found isolated

Question 10

In aqueous solutions, what is the H+ ion bonded to?

Answer 10

bonded to at least one water molecule to form ion H3O+

Question 11

Why are protons represented in an aqueous solution as H+ (aq) rather than H3O+(aq)?

Answer 11

for simplicity

Question 12

What does the H+ ion having no electrons of it own in turn mean?

Answer 12

it can only form bond with another species that has lone pair of electrons

Question 13

Equation showing water slightly ionised?

Answer 13

H2O(l) = H+(aq) + OH-(aq)

H2O(l) + H2O(l) = H3O+(aq) + OH-(aq)

Question 14

What does H2O(l) + H2O(l) = H3O+(aq) + OH-(aq) emphasise?

Answer 14

it’s an acid-base reaction in which one water molecule donated proton to another

Question 15

What is Kw?

Answer 15

ionic product of water + at 298K is equal to 1.0*10^-14 mol2dm-6