2.1 Properties of Water Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

main parameters to measure for water

A

temperature
salinity
pH
light/visibility/turbidity
oxygen concentration

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2
Q

two hydrogens and one oxygen form a ___ bond

A

covalent

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3
Q

water molecules bond by ___ bonds

A

hydrogen

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4
Q

which of water’s properties makes it sticky

A

cohesion

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5
Q

Fresh water freezes at __ and boils at __

A

0C, 100C

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6
Q

SaltWater freezes at __, and boils at __

A

-2C, 103C

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7
Q

salinity is the measure of

A

how much mass of salt(g) is in a volume(one liter) of water
ppt-parts per thousand

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8
Q

salinity of sea water

A

3-3.5%(30-35ppt)

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9
Q

solubility

A

the ability of a substance to be dissolved

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10
Q

Why is salt easily dissolved in water

A

NaCl bonds are ionic, while H2O bonds are covalent(stronger), salt breaks into ions

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11
Q

positive ions in the water come from

A

rock and soil erosion

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12
Q

negative ions in the water come from

A

magma(volcanoes/rain)

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12
Q

Two ways to measure salinity

A

gravimetrically- boil liter of salty water, and measure salt remnants
Light refraction refractometer

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13
Q

are ocean salt concentrations the same all around the world?

A

no

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13
Q

pH Scale

A

measures amount of free H+ in a solution

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13
Q

What is 0-7 on the pH scale

A

acid

13
Q

what is 8-14 on the pH scale

A

base

13
Q

what is a 7 on the pH scale

A

neutral(water)

13
Q

What results in oceans absorbing CO2

A

the formation of carbonic acid, long term ocean acidification

13
Q

Why does Ocean pH matter?

A

-enzymes and chemical reactions for metabolism in organisms require a narrow pH range
-pH affects dissolvability and transport of gases and ions across membranes
-biological structures like bone shells also affected by pH

13
Q

How much CO2 do oceans absorb

A

25% of all emissions

13
Q

turbidity of water

A

clearness, clarity of water

13
Q

Why are acidic oceans a problem

A

acidic water dissolves shells, affecting shellfish, as well as affects behavior and senses of fish, and weakens coral reefs.

these and related problems affect the food chain and eventually humans

14
Q

when light hits water

A

most is reflected, some is absorbed, and some transmitted

14
Q

secchi disk

A

tool showing how deep water allows its black and white pattern to be discerned

14
Q

dissolved oxygen in water is

A

the presence of free O2 molecules within water

14
Q

hotter water contains ___ O2, while colder water contains __ O2

A

less, more

14
Q

Pressure increases in seawater one atmosphere every __

A

ten meters(33ft)

14
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

when pressure on a gas increases, its volume decreases