2.1 Part 2 - Mastering the basics of the digestive and endocrine systems

Question 1

What effect does growth hormone have on the body?

Answer 1

Cell production and regeneration

Question 2

The BLANK is a collection of glands that produce hormones

Answer 2

The endocrine system is a collection of glands that produce hormones

Question 3

What does the endocrine system control?

Answer 3

sleep, mood, growth, reproduction

Question 4

A negative feedback loop is a regulatory mechanism in which a BLANK causes an opposite BLANK in order to maintain BLANK

Answer 4

A negative feedback loop is a regulatory mechanism in which a OUTPUT causes an opposite OUTPUT in order to maintain HOMEOSTASIS

Question 5

Sleep stimulates the release of growth hormone - T or F?

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What are three key symptoms of hypothyroidism?

Answer 6

Hair loss, tiredness, constipation

Question 7

Where in the body is epinephrine produced?

Answer 7

adrenal glands

Question 8

Luteinizing hormone does what?

Answer 8

triggers ovulation

Question 9

Dopamine does what?

Answer 9

helps regulate emotional responses

Question 10

Cortisol does what?

Answer 10

regulates the bodies response to stress

Question 11

Insulin does what?

Answer 11

regulates blood sugar / effects the metabolism of carbohydrates and protein

Question 12

Resistance training and high intensity exercise both decrease cortisol levels. true or false?

Answer 12

False - both INCREASE cortisol - acutely

Question 13

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 13

A collection of glands that produce hormones

Question 14

What is the hypothalamus responsible for?

Answer 14

The production of hormones that release other hormones throughout the body that then produce a variety of effects

Question 15

What 3 key hormones are released from the pituitary glands?

Answer 15

ACTH = stimulates cortisol release

LH - males = stimulates test production // females - triggers ovulation

FSH - regulates development, growth, pubertal maturation and reproductive processes in the body

Question 16

what is growth hormone primarily responsible for?

Answer 16

stimulates growth (stature) and aids in cell reproduction and regeneration

Question 17

What 2 key things stimulate/assist the release of growth hormone

Answer 17

• Exercise and sleep

- Dietary influence

Question 18

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates the production OF?

Answer 18

T3 and T4

Question 19

what 3 hormones do the adrenal glands produce?

Answer 19

• aldosterone
• epinephrine
• norepinephrine

Question 20

Cortisol is known as the WHAT hormone?

Answer 20

Stress hormone

Question 21

What things can increase cortisol and in what way?

Answer 21

RT and high intensity exercise = acute increases

Dieting = increase

Question 22

Insulin is produced by the WHAT cells in the WHAT?

Answer 22

beta cells in the pancreas

Question 23

other than impacting blood sugar and CHO/protein metabolism, what else does insulin help with?

Answer 23

Decreases proteolysis (which is the breakdown of muscle - therefore insulin is muscle sparing/anabolic)

Decreases autophagy (decreases level of degradation of damaged organelles)

Decreased renal sodium excretion ( = more water retention)

Question 24

Insulin increases satiety, or in other words, suppresses appetite? true or false

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Glucagon is produced by the WHAT in the WHAT?

Answer 25

alpha cells in the pancreas

Question 26

What impact does glucagon have on the liver?

Answer 26

Causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is released into the bloodstream

Question 27

What is a key component in the production of testosterone ?

Answer 27

Cholesterol

Question 28

What is leptin referred to as?

Answer 28

The satiety hormone!

Question 29

Leptin is produced by WHAT and regulates energy balance by inhibiting WHAT?

Answer 29

Leptin is produced by ADIPOSE TISSUE and regulates energy balance by inhibiting HUNGER