2.1 Part 2 - Mastering the basics of the digestive and endocrine systems Flashcards
What effect does growth hormone have on the body?
Cell production and regeneration
The BLANK is a collection of glands that produce hormones
The endocrine system is a collection of glands that produce hormones
What does the endocrine system control?
sleep, mood, growth, reproduction
A negative feedback loop is a regulatory mechanism in which a BLANK causes an opposite BLANK in order to maintain BLANK
A negative feedback loop is a regulatory mechanism in which a OUTPUT causes an opposite OUTPUT in order to maintain HOMEOSTASIS
Sleep stimulates the release of growth hormone - T or F?
True
What are three key symptoms of hypothyroidism?
Hair loss, tiredness, constipation
Where in the body is epinephrine produced?
adrenal glands
Luteinizing hormone does what?
triggers ovulation
Dopamine does what?
helps regulate emotional responses
Cortisol does what?
regulates the bodies response to stress
Insulin does what?
regulates blood sugar / effects the metabolism of carbohydrates and protein
Resistance training and high intensity exercise both decrease cortisol levels. true or false?
False - both INCREASE cortisol - acutely
What is the endocrine system?
A collection of glands that produce hormones
What is the hypothalamus responsible for?
The production of hormones that release other hormones throughout the body that then produce a variety of effects
What 3 key hormones are released from the pituitary glands?
ACTH = stimulates cortisol release
LH - males = stimulates test production // females - triggers ovulation
FSH - regulates development, growth, pubertal maturation and reproductive processes in the body
what is growth hormone primarily responsible for?
stimulates growth (stature) and aids in cell reproduction and regeneration
What 2 key things stimulate/assist the release of growth hormone
- Exercise and sleep
- Dietary influence
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates the production OF?
T3 and T4
what 3 hormones do the adrenal glands produce?
- aldosterone
- epinephrine
- norepinephrine
Cortisol is known as the WHAT hormone?
Stress hormone
What things can increase cortisol and in what way?
RT and high intensity exercise = acute increases
Dieting = increase
Insulin is produced by the WHAT cells in the WHAT?
beta cells in the pancreas
other than impacting blood sugar and CHO/protein metabolism, what else does insulin help with?
Decreases proteolysis (which is the breakdown of muscle - therefore insulin is muscle sparing/anabolic)
Decreases autophagy (decreases level of degradation of damaged organelles)
Decreased renal sodium excretion ( = more water retention)
Insulin increases satiety, or in other words, suppresses appetite? true or false
True
