2.1 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Flashcards
what are carbohydrates made of
carbon + oxygen + hydrogen
what are lipids made of
carbon + oxygen + hydrogen
what are proteins made of
carbon + hydrogen + oxygen + nitrogen + (sometimes sulfur)
what are nucleic acids made of
carbon + hydrogen + oxygen + nitrogen
examples of lipids
phospholipids, triglycerides, steroids
examples of carbohydrates
glycogen, starch, cellulose
examples of proteins
haemoglobin, hormones, immunoglobin, enzymes
examples of nucleic acids
DNA —> deoxyribose sugar
RNA —> ribose sugar
anabolism
condensation reaction
catabolism
hydrolysis reaction
condensation
water comes from both parts of the reactant
dehydration
water comes from one part of the reactant
polymerase
the process of condensing water out of the reactants
hydrolase
the process of hydrating the reactants; adding water back in
dimer
condensed monomer undergoing the process of polymerisation
dipeptide
condensed amino acid under going the process of polymerisation
disaccharide
condensed monosaccharide under going the process of polymerisation
monosaccharide
a sugar that has a ring structure in water
metabolism
a web on enzyme - catalysed reactions in a cell or organism
vitalism
the theory that the origin and phenomena of life are dependent on a force or principle distinct from purely chemical or physical forces
falsification of vitalism
urea crystal was produced in a lab which proved vitalism false
what was wohler trying to produce in the process of accidental falsification
ammonium cyanate
catalyst
a substance that increases the rate of chemical reaction without changing itself
