2.1 Homologous Series

Question 1

What is meant by a Homologous Series?

Answer 1

A family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties

Question 2

What is meant by a Hydrocarbon?

Answer 2

A compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon

Question 3

What is the general formula for the Alkanes?

Answer 3

CnH2n+2

Question 4

What is the general formula for the Alkenes?

Answer 4

CnH2n

Question 5

What is an Isomer?

Answer 5

An isomer has the same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 6

Describe an addition reaction

Answer 6

2 molecules combine to form a single molecule

Question 7

What is the name of the functional group in Alcohols?

Answer 7

The Hydroxyl group

Question 8

How is the presence of the hydroxyl group represented in alcohols?

Answer 8

The name of the alcohol ends in -OL

Question 9

Describe a Primary Alcohol

Answer 9

The carbon that the hydroxyl group is attached to, is attached to 1 other carbon

Question 10

Describe a Secondary Alcohol

Answer 10

The carbon that the hydroxyl group is attached to, is attached to 2 other carbons

Question 11

Describe a Tertiary Alcohol

Answer 11

The carbon that the hydroxyl group is attached to, is attached to 3 other carbons

Question 12

Name the functional group of the Carboxylic Acids

Answer 12

Carboxyl Group

Question 13

What is the general formula of the Alkanoic Acids?

Answer 13

CnH2n+1COOH

Question 14

What kind of reaction cause the formation of Esters?

Answer 14

A condensation reaction

Question 15

Describe what happens during “esterification”

Answer 15

The hydroxyl group reacts with the carboxyl group and creates the ester link -COO-

Question 16

Why are esters made using a water bath?

Answer 16

To prevent fires as there is alcohol involved

Question 17

How do you name esters?

Answer 17

Change alcohol name to end -yl
Change acid name to end -oate

Question 18

What are the 3 main Uses of Esters?

Answer 18

Fragrances, Flavourings and Solvents