2.1 Explain characteristics of routing technologies.

Question 1

What is static routing?

Answer 1

• Administratively defined the routes (manually)
• Easy to configure and manage on smaller networks
• More secure: no routing protocols to analyze.

Question 2

What is BGP?

Answer 2

• Border Gateway Protocol
• This is an exterior gateway protocol
• “Three Napkins Protocol”
• Used around the world for internet routing.

Question 3

What is EIGRP?

Answer 3

• Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
• Its primary job is to cleanly manage the topology changes within your network.
• Partly proprietary to Cisco
• Commonly used on internal Cisco-routed networks
• Relatively easy to enable and use

Question 4

What is OSPF?

Answer 4

• Open Shortest Path First
• Used with a single autonomous system (AS)
• It is available on routers from many different manufacturers
• Routing is based on the connectivity between manufacturers
• Each link has a “cost” (low cost and fastest path wins).

Question 5

What (3) things effect routine selection?

Answer 5

1. Administrative Distance
2. Prefix Length
3. Metric

Question 6

What is administrative distance?

Answer 6

• Used by the router to determine which routing protocol has priority.
• The lower the distance, the better the route.

Question 7

What is prefix length?

Answer 7

• Most specific route “wins”
• Routes are more specific as the prefix increases.

Question 8

What is metric with regards to route selection?

Answer 8

• Each routing protocol has its own way of calculating the best rout (BGP, OSPF, EIGRP)
• Values are assigned by the routing protocol

Question 9

What is NAT?

Answer 9

• Network Address Translation
• RFC1918 give description of difference between public IP and private IP addresses.

Question 10

What is PAT?

Answer 10

• Port Address Translation
• More efficient version of NAT that allows multiple users on a network to use public-facing IP address during the translation process.

Question 11

What is FHRP?

Answer 11

• First Hop Redundancy Protocol
• Your computer is configured with a single default gateway
• We need a way to provide uptime if the default gateway fails.

Question 12

What is VIP?

Answer 12

• Virtual IP
• If a router disappears, another one takes its place and data continues to flow.

Question 13

What is a subinterface?

Answer 13

• a device has a physical interface
• You are able to configure options for each interface
• An example would be a VLAN in a trunk.

Question 14

What is dynamic routing?

Answer 14

• Routers send routes to other routers
• Routing tables are updated in (almost) real-time
• No manual route calculations or management
• Very scalable