2.1 eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells Flashcards
what are examples of eukaryotic cells?
examples of eukaryotic cells include all animals, plants, fungal and protoctist cells
what is the nucleus surrounded by?
the nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane known as the nuclear envelope/membrane???
what does the nuclear envelope contain?
the nuclear envelope contains nuclear pores
what is the function of nuclear pores?
nuclear pores allow substances to move between the nucleus and the rest of the cell
what is chromatin?
chromatin is a mass of thread-like material made of DNA
where is the nucleolus found?
the nucleolus is found inside the nucleus
what is the function of the nucleus?
the nucleus controls the cell’s activities through transcription of DNA
what is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) is a system of membranes covered in ribosomes
what is the function of lysosomes?
lysosomes are used to digest invading cells or breakdown worn out components of the cell
what contracts to make flagellum move?
the microtubules contract to make the flagellum move
what are lysosomes?
lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles which contain digestive enzymes
what is the cell wall?
the cell wall is a rigid structure that surrounds plant cells
what is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is similar to the rough endoplasmic reticulum - it is a system of membranes that does not have ribosomes surrounding it
where are ribosomes found?
ribosomes are found floating freely in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum
what are vesicles?
vesicles are small fluid sacs surrounded by a membrane and are found in the cytoplasm
what is the function of the cell wall?
the cell wall provides support for the plant
what are made at ribosomes?
ribosomes are the site where proteins are made
what is the Golgi apparatus?
the Golgi apparatus is a group of fluid-filled, flattened sacs
what is the shape of mitochondria?
mitochondria are oval-shaped
what type of membrane do mitochondria have?
mitochondria has a double membrane
what is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
the rough endoplasmic reticulum folds and processes protein that have been made at the ribosomes
what is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
the Golgi apparatus processes and packages new proteins and lipids
what is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
the smooth endoplasmic reticulum synthesises and processes lipids
what is the function of mitochondria?
mitochondria is the site of aerobic respiration where ATP is produced
what are ribosomes?
ribosomes are a very small organelle made up of proteins and RNA
