2.1 Cell Structure & Function

Question 1

Mitochondria

Answer 1

• generate energy through glucose oxidation process

- energy released in form of ATP molecules

Question 2

Centriole

Answer 2

• forms spindle fibre during cell division

Question 3

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 3

• processes modifies packs and transports

- protein, carbohydrate & glycoprotein

Question 4

Plasma membrane

Answer 4

• separate content of cell from external environment
• controls movement of substance into & out of cell
• allows exchange of nutrients, respiratory gases & waste materials

Question 5

Lysosome

Answer 5

• hydrolyses complex organic molecules
• protein, nucleic acid & lipid
• breaks down bacteria

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

• controls all cell activities

- chromosomes has deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Question 7

Ribosome

Answer 7

• synthesis protein

Question 8

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 8

• transport system within cell
• provides large surface for biochemical reaction & enzyme attachment
• ROUGH ER
  = transport protein synthesised by ribosomes
• SMOOTH ER
  = synthesis & transport glycerol & lipid
  = carries out detoxification of drugs &metallic by-products

Question 9

Vacuole

Answer 9

• cell sap

- water absorbed, cell becomes turgid

Question 10

Chloroplast

Answer 10

• absorbs sunlight

- converts it to chemical energy

Question 11

Cytoplasm

Answer 11

• a medium for biochemical reactions in cells

Question 12

Cell wall

Answer 12

• maintains the shape of cells

- provides mechanical support to plant cell

Question 13

Compare & contrast animal cells & plant cells

Answer 13

Similarities:

• made up of nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes

Differences:

Plant Cells VS. Animal Cells

has | fixed shape | does not have
has | cell wall | does not have
has | chloroplasts | does not have
large | vacuole | no / small
starch | stores carbohydrate | glycogen
does not | centriole | has