2.1, 2.2, 2.3 Mitosis and its importance

Question 1

What does the nucleus contain?

Answer 1

Genetic information

Question 2

What form is genetic information found in?

Answer 2

chromosomes

Question 3

What do chromosomes contain?

Answer 3

coils of DNA

Question 4

What is a short section of DNA that codes for a protein and controls characteristics called?

Answer 4

a gene

Question 5

What do chromosomes carry alot of?

Answer 5

genes

Question 6

How many chromosomes are in each cell of the body?

Answer 6

23 pairs

Question 7

How many chromosomes are in sex cells (gametes)?

Answer 7

23 chromosomes

Question 8

What is the cell cycle?

Answer 8

a series of steps that the cell has to undergo in order to divide e.g mitosis is a step in this cycle (the stage when the cell divides)

Question 9

What is stage 1 of the cell cycle?

Answer 9

Interphase

Question 10

What is stage 2 of the cell cycle?

Answer 10

Mitosis

Question 11

What is stage 3 of the cell cycle?

Answer 11

Cytokinesis

Question 12

What happens in (the stage) interphase?

Answer 12

In this stage the cell grows, organelles (e.g. mitochondria, ribosomes) grow and increase in number, the synthesis of protein occurs, DNA is replicated and energy stores are increased.

Question 13

What happens in (the stage) mitosis?

Answer 13

The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell and cell fibres pull each chromosome of the ‘X’ to either side of the cell

Question 14

What happens in (the stage) cytokinesis?

Answer 14

Two identical daughter cells form when the cytoplasm and cell membranes divide

Question 15

What is cell division by mitosis in multicellular organisms useful for?

Answer 15

• growth
• development
• replacing damaged cells

Question 16

Why is mitosis a vital part of asexual reproduction?

Answer 16

asexual reproduction only involves one organism, so to produce offspring it simply replicates its own cells