2.1 - 2) Changing the approaches of political and military leadership Flashcards
What was Lee convinced of?
That Lincoln would only accept the CSA if there were southern victories on northern soil
Gettysburg
July 1-3 General Meade vs Lee
July 3 - Pickett’s charge is made by Lee
Puts an end to Lee’s plan of advancing North and forces them onto the defensive
What did Gettysburg change?
Lee went into largely defensive strategy, thus there was little chance of southern invasion on northern soil
How many men did Lee loose in Gettysburg?
28,000 - 1/3 of his command
How many men did Meade loose at Gettysburg?
23,000
March 1864
Grant appointed as general-in-chief of all union armies, coming east
Simultaneous movement along the line
- army of the Potomac attacks Lee (115,000 army)
- Sherman captures Atlanta
- Banks (30,000) army in Louisiana captures Mobile
- Butler (30,000) threatens Richmond
- Sigel (26,000) occupies Shenandoah Valley
What did simultaneous movement along the line dependent on?
applying constant pressure on southern resources and manpower regardless of casualities
How did Grant’s initial plan of simultaneous movement along the lines fail?
- Banks was defeated
- Butler couldn’t pressure Richmond
- Shenandoah valley occupation failed
battle of the Wilderness
Grant looses 18,000 men during 5-6 May 1864
After battle of the wilderness…
Grant advances south, crossing the James river, almost capturing a railway junction at Petersburg
Siege of Petersburg
Lee knew that loss of Petersburg would mean a loss of capitol Richmond, thus forced to defend the town.
Grant forced Lee into defensive instead of winning
When was hard/total war implemented
In Autumn 1864, By Sherman after the capture of Atlanta in Georgia, demoralizing south and its capacity. Mid December Savannah was captures
General Sheridan also contributed
Siege of Vicksburg
April 1863
cut south in two , allowing control of Mississippi and advance into north
Chancellorsville
May 1863
Lee defeats General Hooker’s army
Advancing into Pennsylvania to convince Lincoln of southern independence
Braxton Bragg
November 1863
Grant defeats CSA , forcing them to retreat to Georgia, ending siege of Chattanooga , allowing Sherman’s Atlanta campaign to march to Savannah
After summer of 1862, north decided to
Fight a strategic war;
putting resources into controlling the Mississipi
Why was northern priority the western theatre in 1862?
- Lee’s dominance in east
- Grant’s and Sherman’s success
How many men did Grant have at Petersburg?
125,000
2 April 1865
Grant breaks through Lee’s forces, forcing him to abandon Peterburg and Richmond.E
End of civil war
Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Court house on April 10
April 16 Johnston surrenders to Sherman
Davis is captured May 10
Autumn & December 1864
Sherman takes Savannah and Atlanta.
Destroys buildings and crops to demoralize south
What does Charles Ramdsdell argue
Southern political leaders failed to understand the centrality of economy and finance
Battle of New market
Sigel and his 10,000 men were defeated on May 15 1864, causing retreat north
Red River valley
Banks is defeated in capture of Mobile as he is defeated at Red River Valley by Dick Taylor
Richmond night attack May 1864
Butler’s army came close to taking Richmond but his corps commander rejected the idea, fortifying his position
