2.1 - 1) Changing military strategies Flashcards
How long did the process of secession go on?
From December 1860 to June 1861
Where was the first government located?
Montgomery, Alabama
Where and why was the first government moved to?
Richmond, Virginia. It was a larger, better-served city with railway connections but close to enemy lines with a bigger industrial capacity
Which four states with slavery were important for both sides? and why?
Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky and Missouri.
They wanted the support
What was the proportion of black people in Maryland?
50% slave and 50% free
Baltimore riot
In April 1861, Four soldiers and 12 civilians were dead after a riot in Baltimore attacking troops to defend Washington DC. In order to restrain Maryland from seceding, Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus in Maryland
Habeas corpus
Legal provision, limiting the time someone can be held by authorities without being charged
What could south do to convince Maryland to secede?
Nothing, since the decision against secession was made by the government
What was Delaware’s slave proportion?
90% free
What attempts were there in Kentucky to make the state secede?
An attempt to set up a confederate government of Kentucky, but the state capitol government in Frankfort regained control
What key reason contributed against Maryland, Kentucky, Delaware and Illinois’ secession?
Presence of the US armed forces; Lincoln moved more quickly and decisively than Davis did
Why did Lincoln choose to blockade the CSA ports?
It was less effective but less provocative and acceptable under international law
What did Lincoln decide the secession was?
Both a rebellion and a war
How did Britain feel towards the CSA?
- recognized CSA as hostile under international law, giving it rights but not as a state
- wouldn’t sign any treaties or send ambassadors
- accepted sea blockade
- remained neutral
What effect did Britain’s neutrality have on CSA?
90% of British trade stopped
How did Lincoln help the Union’s case?
- He made sure Kentucky didn’t secede
- He blockaded the south successfully thus limiting
- Lincoln’s actions that were in accordance with international law benefited negotiations
What was the confederate military strategy?
The cordon strategy, protecting its boundaries
It was later called the ‘offensive-defensive’ strategy, meaning defense against attacks but taking the offensive it possible
What was the Union’s general initial military strategy?
‘Anaconda Plan’
- devised by Winfield Scott
- Naval blockade was set up for economic loss
- Military control had to be obtained of the Mississippi river, splitting the south in two
What was the Union strategy in the eastern theatre in 1861-1862?
Similar to ‘offensive-defensive.’
Which Union general became notorious for never thinking attack was possible?
George McClellan
What did New York Herald Tribune and such newspapers demand?
Northern newspapers demanded immediate attack and victory
Who did Robert E. Lee replace?
Joseph Johnson, as he was injured
When was McClellan replaced
In November of 1862, as he failed at Antietam and couldn’t use Northern resources
When did McClellan advance into Virginia?
1862 peninsular campaign
Who won the Chancellorsville? Who died there?
In April and May the union was defeated but Stonewall Jackson died
When did the North gain control of the Tennessee and Cumberland river?
After Fort Henry victory in February 1862
After Fort Donelson respectively
