20.3 regulation of transcription and translation

Question 1

how are transcriptional factors involved in transcription?

Answer 1

• transcriptional factors move into nucleus from cytoplasm
• each transcriptional factor is specific to a specific base sequence of DNA (promoter region)
• when transcriptional factors bind, transcription begins

Question 2

where do transcriptional factors move in from and to?

Answer 2

cytoplasm -> nucleus

Question 3

what is the role of transcriptional factors?

Answer 3

turn on and off genes

Question 4

effect of oestrogen on gene expression (4)

Answer 4

• oestrogen is lipid soluble so diffuses across phospholipid bilayer
• oestrogen binds to receptor on transcriptional factor
• oestrogen causes the transcriptional factors to change shape
• transcriptional factors bind to DNA and transcription begins

Question 5

what effect does oestrogen have on genes?

Answer 5

switches genes on that were previously off