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World History 9 > 2023 World History Exam > Flashcards

2023 World History Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Person who assumes financial risk in the hope of making profit

A

Entrepreneur

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2
Q

Form of socialism advocated by Karl Marx; class struggle was inevitable and would lead to the creation of a classless society

A

Communism

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3
Q

System in which the people as a whole rather than private individuals own all property and operate all businesses

A

Socialism

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4
Q

Economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit

A

Capitalism

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5
Q

Working class

A

Proletariat

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6
Q

Movement of people from rural areas to cities

A

Urbanization

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7
Q

Farm, factories, railways, and other large businesses that produce and distribute goods

A

Means of production

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8
Q

German philospher who wrote the Communist Manifesto

A

Karl Marx

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9
Q

Believed that nature’s methods of war, famine, and disease would restore the population disorder

A

Thomas Malthus

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10
Q

Cotton industries; raw cotton was distributed to peasant families who spun it into thread and then wove the thread into cloth in their own home

A

Putting-Out-System

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11
Q

An organization of workers that aims to protect and promote the interests of its members, including wages, benefits, and working conditions

A

Labor Union

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12
Q

Scottish engineer who set out to make the steam engine more efficient

A

James Watt

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13
Q

During the Industrial Revolution, life changed in what basic way?

A

People migrated from rural areas

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14
Q

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

A

Britain

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15
Q

What new farming tactic forced peasant farmers off their land?

A

Inclosure

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16
Q

What was the type of economic system practiced during the Industrial Revolution?

A

Capitalism

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17
Q

According to the laissez-faire economists, the cure for poverty was what?

A

Unrestricted free-market

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18
Q

The process of fixing up the poor areas of the city

A

Urban Renewal

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19
Q

Revolutionized the manufacturing industry with his assembly technique of mass production and Model T automobile

A

Henry Ford

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20
Q

Campaign to limit or ban the use of alcoholic bevarages

A

Temperance Movement

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21
Q

The theory that infectious diseases are caused by certain microbes

A

Germ Theory

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22
Q

Discovered how antiseptics prevented infection

A

Joseph Lister

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23
Q

Movement of the 1800s that urged Christrians to do social services

A

Social Gospel

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24
Q

Business owned by many investors who buy shares of stock and risk only the amount of their investment

A

Corporation

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25
Q

Nurse in the Crimean War that believed that field hospitals should be clean; Founded the world’s first school of nursing

A

Florence Nightingale

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26
Q

Shares in a company

A

Stocks

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27
Q

Nineteenth-century artistic movement whose aim was to represent the world as it is

A

Realism

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28
Q

What ideal did the “cult of domesticity” put forward?

A

Womens place were in the home being responsible for their family and not in the work force

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29
Q

Business people who destroyed competition, damaged the free enterprise system, and ran monoplies were called?

A

Robber Barons

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30
Q

Why did the population of Europe explode between 1800 and 1900?

A

Improved sanitation and medical advances

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31
Q

Monoplies were thought to do?

A

Stifle competition, lead to higher prices, and lower quality products or services

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32
Q

Why did art shift to realism?

A

Artist wanted to show the horrors of Industrial life

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33
Q

A strong feeling of pride and devotion to one’e country

A

Nationalism

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34
Q

Italian patriot whose conquest of Sicily and Naples led to the formation of the Italian state (1807 - 1882), leader of the Red Shirts

A

Guiseppe Garibaldi

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35
Q

Italian nationalist who became Prime Minister and worked to end Austrian rule in Italy

A

Camillo Cavour

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36
Q

Hapsburg emperor of the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary, became emperor at 18

A

Franz Joseph

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37
Q

Early leader in Italian unification movement, creates secret organization, “Young Italy”, which attempts to crush foreign powers

A

Giuseppe Mazzini

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38
Q

Forced to announce sweeping reforms after the Revolution of 1905. Promised “freedom of person, conscience, speech, assembly, and union in his October Manifesto. Last Czar of Russia.

A

Nicholas II

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39
Q

Chancellor of Prussia from 1862 until 1871, when he became chancellor of Germany, a conservative nationalist

A

Otto von Bismarck

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40
Q

Someone who wants to abolish all government

A

Anarchist

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41
Q

Was the kaiser of Germany; “There is only one master in the Reich and that is I.”

A

Wilhelm II

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42
Q

“Germany does not look to Prussia’s liberalism, but to her power. The great questions of the day are not to be decided by speeches and majority resolutions – that was the mistake of 1848 and 1849 – but by blood and iron! - Otto von Bismarck

Blood and iron referred to in the speech above represents what?

A

War and iron will

43
Q

What were the two primary groups that Bismarck singled out as being threats to Germany?

A

Catholics and Socialists

44
Q

Tsar Alexander III launched a program of Russification. What is Russification?

A

Changing everything about a country’s culture

45
Q

Why were the Balkans considered a powder keg?

A

Ottomans, Austria, and nationalist groups all wanted control of the region which led to many uprisings

46
Q

A political scandal that caused deep divisions in France between Royalists Liberals and Republicans; centered on the 1894 wrongful conviction of Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish officer in the French army

A

Dreyfus Affair

47
Q

Political movement in Britain that aimed to expand suffrage and promote democratic reforms

A

Chartist Movement

48
Q

Prejudice or discrimination against Jewish people

A

Anti-Semitism

49
Q

Knowing publication of false and damaging statements

A

Libel

50
Q

Right to vote

A

Suffrage

51
Q

Monarch of England 1837-1901. She was the symbol of British life in the 1800s.

A

Queen Victoria

52
Q

French writer and journalist who defended Alfred Dreyfus in an open letter titled “J’ Accuse”

A

Emile Zola

53
Q

British law that reformed the electoral system and redistributed seats in House of Commons

A

Reform Bill of 1832

54
Q

The campaign against slavery and slave trade

A

Abolition Movement

55
Q

British suffragette who campaigned for women’s right to vote in the early 20th century

A

Emmeline Pankhurst

56
Q

What was the Opium War?

A

Many chinese citizens rose up against Britain and violently opposed the trade of a n illegal drug

57
Q

One of the greatest differences that has caused strife between Ireland and Britain is their difference in Christian denomination. What are their different denominations?

A

Ireland is mostly Catholic while Britain is mostly Protestant

58
Q

Britain, France, and others defended the Ottoman Empire against what country in the Crimean War from 1843-1856?

A

Russia

59
Q

How were the women’s suffrage movements different in America and England?

A

England was much more violent and oppressive than America

60
Q

Leader of the Bolsheviks

A

Vladimir Lenin

61
Q

When one country controls another country

A

Imperialism

62
Q

Payment for war damages

A

Reparations

63
Q

Final set of demands

A

Ultimatum

64
Q

Agreement to stop fighting

A

Armistice

65
Q

A deadlock in which neither is able to defeat the other

A

Stalemate

66
Q

The “draft which required all young men to be ready for military or other services

A

Conscription

67
Q

Woodrow Wilson’s list of terms for resolving WWI and future wars

A

Fourteen Points

68
Q

A British passenger ship that Germany torpedoed and sank off the coast of Ireland killing almost 1,200 passengers

A

Lusitania

69
Q

Provinces of the border of Germany and France, lost by France to Germany, regained by France after WWI

A

Alsace and Lorraine

70
Q

During wartime, military supplies and raw materials needed to make military supplies that may legally be confiscated by any belligerent

A

Contraband

71
Q

In which all a nation’s entire resources are channeled into the war effort

A

Total War

72
Q

Glorification of the military

A

Militarisn

73
Q

4 MAIN Causes of WWI

A

M- Militarism
A- Alliances
I-
Imperialism
N- Nationalism

74
Q

What served as the “spark” of WWI?

A

When Serbian nationalist assassinated Franz Ferdinand

75
Q

After WWI, what countries made up the “Big Four” that were involved in the Treaty of Versailles?

A

France, Britain, Italy, USA

76
Q

In general, the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles focused mainly on the punishment of what country?

A

Germany

77
Q

The League of Nations was supposed to create a system in which a group of nations acts as one to preserve the peace for all, also called ___.

A

Collective Security

78
Q

What weapons were used during WWI?

A

submarines, machine guns, tanks, zeppelins, planes, and gas

79
Q

What are the characteristics of a fascist country?

A

ruled by a dictator, use of propaganda, censorship to indoctrinate the people, use of uniforms, rallies, and salutes to unify the people

80
Q

Laws and programs to help recover from The Great Depression

A

New Deal

81
Q

Created New Deal

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt

82
Q

Blamed for Great Depression

A

Herbert Hoover

83
Q

Secret bars

A

Speakeasies

84
Q

African American cultural awakening

A

Harlem Renaissance

85
Q

A young woman who rejected the moral values of the Victorian era in favor of new, exciting freedoms

A

Flapper

86
Q

The Great Depression ended with the start of what war?

A

WWII

87
Q

What year did the stock market crash happen?

A

1929

88
Q

The practice of giving into aggression in order to avoid war

A

Appeasement

89
Q

Lightning war

A

Blitzkrieg

90
Q

Allowed America to sell or let Allied forces borrow weapons and supplies

A

Lend-Lease A ct

91
Q

Brutal and costly defeat for Germany in Russia

A

Battle of Stalingrad

92
Q

Clash between Japanese and U.S navy, played out six months after Pearl Harbor, ended in victory for the U.S

A

Battle of Midway

93
Q

Hitler’s last major offensive in WWII against the western front. The German troops failed to divide Britain, France, and America

A

Battle of the Bulge

94
Q

Neville Chamberlain (Britain’s Prime Minister) and Hitler signed this which gave Hitler Sudentenland

A

Munich Agreement

95
Q

Hitler and Stalin’a agreement saying there would be no aggression and only friendship with Germany and the Soviet Union

A

Nazi-Soviet Pact

96
Q

Served to warn Germans and the world that war crimes would not go unpunished now or in the future and exposed the entire truth about the rumors of Hitler’s regime

A

Nuremberg Trials

97
Q

First battle fought completely in the air

A

Battle of Britain

98
Q

American code name for atomic bomb research

A

Manhattan Project

99
Q

What brought the United States into WWII?

A

Attack on Pearl Harbor

100
Q

What event marked the beginning of WWII?

A

Germany invaded Poland

101
Q

What was the official end of WWII?

A

Atomic bombs and Japan surrendered

102
Q

What event led the Soviet Union to join the Allied Powers?

A

Germany invaded

103
Q

Where were the two atomic bombs dropped?

A

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

World History 9 (3 decks)

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