2023 Flashcards
Disease producing microorganisms are called
Pathogens
The relative constancy in the internal environment of the body is the definition of
Homeostasis
The term used to describe the reduction in numbers of infectious agents, decreasing the probability of infection-but does not reduce to zero
Medical asepsis
An object such as a book, wooden object, or article of clothing, that is not in itself harmful but is able to harbor pathogenic microorganisms and can serve as an agent of transmission of infection is called
Fomite
Alternative or passive hosts or carrier that harbor pathogenic organisms, that serve as a source from which others can be infected is called
Reservoir
The medical term for a nosebleed is
Epistaxis
Abnormal overproduction of white blood cells is called
Anemia
When the heartbeat slows to less than 60 beats per minute, the patient is said to be
Bradycardic
When water moves across cell surfaces or membranes into areas in which a high concentration of potassium ions are present describes
Osmosis
A sphygmomanometer is an instrument that measures
Blood pressure
The volume of air inhaled and exhaled during one respiratory cycle is called
Tidal volume
The period of relaxation of the ventricles of the heart is known as
Diastolic
This refers to the dissociation of molecules by ionizing radiation
Radiolysis
The radiation quantity used for radiation protection purposes when a person receives exposure from various types of ionizing radiation
EqD
The most common measurement of EqD is measured in
mSv
What is the tool used for monitoring radiation in nuclear medicine facilities
Geiger-muller
A measure of the ability to distinguish small X-ray attenuation differences in a CT image describes
Contrast resolution
A nonmitotic form of cell death that occurs when cells die without attempting division during the interphase portion of the cell lifecycle?
Apoptosis
How much lead equivalent does a Bucky slot shielding device contain
.25-mm
The mean quantity of energy deposited by ionizing radiation in an object per unit length of track as it passes through an object is called
LET
This type of dose accounts for all types of ionizing radiation such as alpha, beta, gamma, and X-ray to various irradiated organs or tissues in the human body
EfD
The science that deals with the incident, distribution and control of disease in a population
Epidemiology
This describes the diffuse redness over an area of skin after irradiation
Erythma
At what shell level does photoelectric absorption take place
Inner shell k or l
In what x-radiation interaction does the Auger effect occur
Photoelectric
Male and female reproductive cells are called
Germ cells
The alliance for radiation safety in pediatric imaging uses this campaign or pledge to ensure protocols and techniques are followed and are in the best interest of the pediatric patient
Image gently
High level fluoro is an operating mode that has a substantially higher than normal patient entrance exposure rate and is commonly known as
Boost mode
When performing an AP townes method, what CR angulation is used when the CR is directed at the IOML
37 degrees caudal
What anatomy is required on an AP cervical spine view
C3–T2
While performing a RAO sternum, how much obliquity is required for an asthenic thorax
20 degrees
A patient comes into the ER and complains of anterior right sided rib pain. What procedures would you perform
Right upper and lower PA ribs and LAO at 45 degrees
What position best shows a blowout fracture
Modified waters method
When performing an AP knee on a patient that has a ASIS tabletop of 20cm, how much and what direction do you angle
No CR , if patient has <19cm it is 5° caudal and if they have >24 it is 5°cephalic
The lateral cuneiform articulates with which metatarsals
Second, third, and fourth metatarsals
The lateral wrist position best shows which carpal bone
Trapezium
_____are severe bilateral horizontal fractures of the maxilae that may result in an unstable detached fragment
Le forte fracture
During a upper GI procedure, what position best demonstrates the retrogastric space
Right lateral
Any filtration that occurs outside the tube and housing before the image receptor is called
Added filtration
The unit of resistance is the
Ohm
Due to the geometry of the angled anode target, the radiation intensity is greater on the cathode end describes this
Anode heel effect
The total maximum difference of potential between the positive and negative ends of the electron source is known as
Electromotive force (emf)
_____is the ability of an imaging system to accurately display objects in two dimensions
Spatial resolution
In fleming’s right-handed generator rule, what does the thumb indicate
Motion
What is the formula to figure the magnification factor of an object
M=SID/SOD
What is the SI unit of measurement that represents a unit of exposure
C/kg or coulomb/kilogram
When the tube is angled across the across the long axis of the grid strips, this type of error will occur
Off-level
This occurs when data elements in the detector are overwhelmed with photon energy and cannot recognize high-energy values
Data drop/detector saturation
If a chest X-ray is taken at 72” and then a portable is ordered and is now at 50”, what formula can be used to keep the original density
Density/exposure maintenance formula
What type of compensating filter is best for evening out densities in the mediastinum
Trough filter
What is the digital processing that produces changes in densities/brightness
Window level
