2022 Flashcards
What does download mean
This is a process of transferring data or files from a remote server or another computer to a local device such as a personal computer, smartphone or tablet.
Downloading can include a wide range of digital content including files, media, apps and so on.
What does the graphic card do
Also know as the video card or Graphics Processing Unit, it is specialized in rendering and displaying visual information on a monitor or display device.
it performs the following functions:
- Graphics rendering: it’s main purpose is to render graphics, it receives instructions from the CPU and performs calculations on them to generate images or visuals.
- Display output: it is responsible for sending the processes graphics data to a display device, such as monitor or projector.
What is the brain of the computer
The CPU central processing unit is the brain of the computer. it is the primary component that is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations in a computer system. it serves as the control unit performing the majority of the processing task required by the computer.
it’s essential functions include:
- instruction execution
- arithmetic and logic operations
- control and coordination
- fetch, decode, execute cycle
-cache and registers
what is microsoft windows and state two examples
This is an operating system that is developed by Microsoft. it provides a GUI (Graphic User Interface) and a range of tools and services to manage computer hardware, software and resources. it offers a userfriendly environment for running applications, managing files, and interacting with computer system.
examples include;
- windows 10, and windows 8
List tow operating system capabilities
Below are the common capabilities of the operating system
1. Process Management: this feature is very important. the OS is responsible for allocating system resources, such as CPU time, memory and I/O devices to different running processes running on the computer. it schedules processes ensuring fiar and efficient utilization of the system resources.
2. File system management: The OS provides a Hierarchical structure for organizing and storing files on the storage devices such as hard drives or solid-state drives. it handles file operations like creation, deletion, reading and writing as well as enforcing file access control and permissions for files and directories.
List two operating system limitations
- Hardware Compatibility: OS often have limitations when it comes to hardware compatibility. Not all hardware device or peripherals are supported by every OS. Manufacturers may provide device drivers or software specifically designed for certain OS and if drivers are not available or compatible, the hardware may not work optimally.
- Security Vulnerabilities: OS can have security vulnerabilities that can be exploited by malicious actors. No OS is entirely immune to security risks and vulnerabilities can be discovered and exploited over time. OS developers continuously release security updates and patches to address these vulnerabilities.
State two characteristic of hard disk drive
- Storage Capacity: This storage medium has a high storage capacity. They can offer terabytes of storage space making them suitable for storing large amounts of data such as multimedia files, documents and applications. the storage of HDDs can vary typically ranging from 10s of Gigabytes and above.
- Non-volatile storage: they are non-volatile storage devices. the data that is written on them gets maintain even if power is switched off from it. the data on it is persistent unlike RAM which loose their data when power is cut off. HDDs provide a long-term data storage capabilities, making them suitable for storing OS, applications and user files.
Differentiate between local area network and cloud computing
- Cloud computing refers to the delivery of computing services, including storage, processing power and applications over the Internet as a service rather than through local infrastructure. while LAN refers to infrastructure that connects computers, devices and resources within a limited geographic area.
- LAN are designed to facilitate communication and data sharing within a localized area such as a home, office, school or campus. But Cloud computing allows users to access and utilize computing resources, applications and data stored on remote servers which are typically located in data centers operated by cloud service providers.
- Cloud computing relies on a distributed network of servers and storage devices that are accessed via the internet. it is scalable and flexible, allowing users to scale resources up or down based on demand. but LANs are based on wired or wireless connections that interconnect devices such as computers, printers, services, switches, and routers using Ethernet or Wi-Fi protocols.
Which kind of hardware is used the most in the input phase of a computer base information system
The keyboard is the most widely used hardware. it is used for inputting alphanumeric data, such as text, numbers and commands, into the computer system. They provide a means for users to interact with the computer by pressing keys that correspond to specific characters or functions.
What is the common measurement of units of a computer
common measurement units used in computing are
1. Bit. this is the fundamental unit for information in computing. it represents the most basic form of data and can hold either a value of 0 or 1. they are used to represent the smallest unit of storage and transmission.
2. Byte. this is a group of 8 bits. it’s used to represent single characters, text or small piece of data. commonly used to measure file sizes, memory capacity and data transfer rates.
3. Kilobytes: 1KB is equal to 1024 bytes. used to measure the size of small files or the memory capacity of computer systems.
4. Megabyte: 1 MB is 1024KB, used to measure file sizes, storage capacities
3. Gigabyte (GB)
What is the component that is used to both read and write data in a computer
The storage device is the component that is used to read/write data in a computer.
Storage devices are hardware components or devices that store data persistently, allowing it to be accessed and retrieved at a later time. there are several types of storage devices, but most common one found in the computer is the HDD or SSD.
How many important types of memory are important in a computer? list them
Several types of memory used in a computer. Here are the primary types:
1. RAM
2. ROM,
3. Cache Memory
4. Flash Memory: this device retains data even when there’s no electricity. used in devices like USB flash drives, SSDs, Memory Cards.
what does processing mean
this is a process that refers to the manipulation and transformation of data and instructions by a computer’s CPU or other processing devices. It involves executing a series of operations on input data to produce meaningful output. it encompasses various tasks including Arithmetic operations, Logical Operations, Data Manipulation
How many types of user interface consist in a computer? List and define them
There are 6 user interfaces.
1. Command-line interface (CLI). the CLI allows users to interact with a computer system by typing commands or instructions into a text based interface.
2. Graphical User Interface (GUI): GUI is a visual interface that utilizes graphical elements such as icons, menus, buttons and pointers to allow users to interac.t with the computer.
3. Touch User Interface (TUI): this is designed for touch-enabled devices such as smartphones, tablets and touchscreens. Users interact with the interface by directly touching the screen.
4. Voice User Interface (VUI): this enables users to interact with a computer system using voice commands or speech recognition.
5. Natural language User Interface (NUI): this allows users to interact with a computer system using natural language input, such as typed text or spoken language. this interfaces enables natural language processing (NLP) techniques to understand and respond to user inputs in a conversational manner. Chatbots and virtual assistants often user NUIs.
6. Gesture User Interface (GUI): this interface rely on detecting and interpreting physical movements or gestures made by the user. they are commonly found in motion-sensing devices, such as gaming consoles or virtual reality systems where users control actions or navigate through interfaces by waving, pointing or making specific hand movements.
