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🧠 > 2022 > Flashcards

2022 Flashcards

1
Q

mechanism of clindamycin

A

binding to the 50s ribosomal subunit of bacteria. This agent disrupts protein synthesis. Antitoxin

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2
Q

milrinone MOA

A

vasodilator. inhibits PEAK III cAMP phosphodiesterase isozyme in cardiac and vascular muscle, leading to an increase in intracellular ionised calcium and contractile force in cardiac muscle

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3
Q

ketamine MOA

A

direct cardiac depressant
NMDA antagonist
also mu opioid

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4
Q

what makes hyaluronic acid in the TMJ

A

Synovial cells appear somewhat undifferentiated and serve both a phagocytic and a secretory role and
are thought to be the site of production of HA, a glycosaminoglycan found in synovial fluid

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5
Q

tx of desmoplastic fibroma

A

surgical treatment with a wide free margin resection, followed by reconstruction of the bony defect with a fibular graft

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6
Q

initial fluid bolus resuscitation for peds

A

20 cc / kg

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7
Q

holdaway ratio– what are teeth in relation to?

A

chin

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8
Q

Lemierre’s

A

severe illness caused by the anaerobic bacterium, Fusobacterium necrophorum which typically occurs in healthy young adults. Originates in the throat and spreads via a septic thrombophlebitis of tonsillar vein and internal jugular vein

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9
Q

marginal incision in rhinoplasty goes between which cartilages?

A

lower lateral cartilage at caudal edge…

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10
Q

eye drop that can fix ptosis

A

apraclonidine

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11
Q

Webster’s triangle

A

small triangle of maxillary bone supporting lateral nasal cartilages

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12
Q

bacteria for pericoronitis

A

step, staph, bacteroides

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13
Q

name of fibers connecting gingiva to tooth and gingiva to implant

A

circular and periosteogingival fibers

majority of fibers showed a parallel or parallel-oblique orientation to implant neck

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14
Q

edentulous atrophic mandible blood supply

A

centripetal

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15
Q

major mechanism for tip support in nose

A
  • size, shape and strength of lower lateral cartilages
  • attachment of medial crura to caudal septum
  • attachment of lower lateral cartilages to upper lateral cartilages
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16
Q

contraindication to BMP

A

cancer

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17
Q

timing of collagen sponge and BMP

A

15 minutes

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18
Q

cephalic stripping– how much to leave to avoid alar notching

A

6 mm

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19
Q

Z plasty 60 degree allows for how much rotation

A

90 degree change in scar direction

75% in scar length

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20
Q

blood supply to trapezius flap

A

transverse cervical artery

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21
Q

blood supply to pec flap

A

Internal mammary artery

22
Q

blood supply to platysmal flap

A

Submental branch of facial artery

23
Q

blood supply to temporalis flap

A

anterior and posterior deep temporal arteries

24
Q

blood supply to temporoparietal fascial graft

A

superficial temporal artery

25
Q

what to interpose between joint space after TJR to prevent bony growth

A

fat

26
Q

what physical exam findings if subcondylar fx and condyle medially displaced

A

deviation to the ipsilateral side on opening

27
Q

positive margin on granular cell tumor– observe after or RT?

A

I think observe but not sure

28
Q

which sinusitis bacteria is an anaerobe

A

Peptostreptococcus spp., Fusobacterium spp., and Prevotella and Porphyromonas spp.

29
Q

mobitz type 1

A
30
Q

layer to stay in for coronal flap

A

?

31
Q

why use acetone pre-peel

A

remove oils?

32
Q

temporal lac that went deep, what nerve injured?

A
33
Q

woven bone vs intramembranous bone

A
34
Q

what happens when you distract a kid too quickly

A
35
Q

when breaking pterygoid plates for lefort, brisk bleed, what is bleeding?

A

IMA

36
Q

corticocancellous bone graft properties

A

cortical bone has higher concentration of BMP, cortical chips incorporated into corticocancellous grafts enhance osteoinductive potential

37
Q

first step in repairing panfacial fractures

A

secure airway

not sure if they’re going for top down / outside in .. or expose all the fractures…

38
Q

worst part of mandible to use avascular bone graft

A
39
Q

antibiotic to treat actinomyces

A

Penicillin G 18-24mil units IV/d x 2-6 wks, then amoxicillin 500-750mg PO three times a day/four times a day x 6-12 mos
(doxycycline or erythromycin as alternatives)

40
Q

landmark for supraorbital foramen

A

medial iris or medial pupil?

41
Q

how to figure out if cant?

A

measure from medial canthus to canines

42
Q

can’t fit in space for arthroscopy

A

didn’t insufflate enough

43
Q

Kaban classification hemifacial microsomia

A

I: small joint
IIa: small and abnormal shape relatively normal muscle function
IIb: rotation but no translation, small and abnormal shape, worse muscle function
III: absence of condyle
IV Mandibular body hypoplasia

44
Q

treatment of Kaban class 3

A

Iliac or costochondral bone grafts + distraction osteogenesis (later)

45
Q

Wilkes classification

A

1: C: Painless clicking with no restrictions in motion. R: ADD with reduction. Normal bone
2: C: occasionally painful clicking, intermittent locking, headaches R: ADD with reduction. Early disc deformity. Normal bone
3: C: frequent pain, joint tenderness, HA, closed lock, painful chewing. R: ADD (early stages reduce, late stages don’t), disc thickening, normal bone
4: C: chronic pain, HA, restricted motion
R: ADD w/o red. Disc thickening. Abnormal bone contours
5: C: crepitus
R: perforated disc, degen changes

46
Q

what aspect of orbital anatomy is an extension of the periosteum?

A

septum

47
Q

what happens if you remove too much fat on an upper bleph?

A

lagophthalmos

48
Q

mechanism of bisphosphonates

A

attach to hydroxyapatite and inhibit osteoclasts

49
Q

what lab to order before starting carbamazepine

A

CBC (Plt count and diff, retics), LFTs and renal function, UA, BUN, serum sodium

50
Q

what lab to order before starting phenytoin

A

CBC, CMP (Cr and LFTs),

51
Q

what does wedge pressure represent

A

left atrial pressure

52
Q

what is platform switching and why is it done

A

use smaller abutment than implant. crestal bone loss prevention

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