2021 In-service Flashcards
Most common site of traumatic aortic injury
Aortic isthmus
Normal diameter of the mid ascending aorta
3.0 +/- 0.4 cm
If the aortic diameter is 6.3 cm, risk of rupture in the next 5 yrs is greater than?
30%
Imaging findings of aortitis
> arterial narrowing
luminal irregularity
dilatation/aneurysm formation
Most common autoimmune condition assoc w/ aortitis
Giant cell arteritis
A 58 yo male patient’s chest radiograph shows larger upper pulmonary vessels, peribronchial cuffing, enlarged and indistinct hila and Kerley B lines. These are signs of:
Grade II pulmonary venous hypertension
What is the estimated left atrial pressure based on the radiographic findings on item 6?
20-25 mm Hg
The most common cause of asymmetric distribution of pulmonary edema or unilateral pulmonary edema is
Gravitational
The following cardiac disease cause reduction of the left ventricular compliance except:
A. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
B. Constrictive pericardial disease
C. Acute myocardial infarction
D. None of the above
ANS: D
*includes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
A radiographic sign indicating the presence of right arterial enlargement is the elongation of the right heart border on the PA view. If this exceeds ___ % in length of the mediastinal cardiovascular shadow, there is right atrial enlargement.
Ans: 60%
*includes bulging of the right heart border on PA
True of Hoffman-Rigler sign:
A. Measured 2.5cm above the intersection if the diaphragm and inferior vena cava.
B. There is LVH, if the posterior border of the heart extends > 2cm behind the inferior vena caval shadow at the level of A.
C. Measurement should be made on a true lateral view
D. All of the above
Ans: C
*A. should be 2.0 cm
*C. should be 1.8 cm
True for CXR findings in acute myocardial infarction, except:
A. Relationship bet degree of PVH within the 1st 24 and early and late survival rates, after initial myocardial infarction has been established
B. CXR within 1st 24 hrs after the onset of acute MI is normal in about 50%
C. The CXR is useful in demonstrating complications of aute MI like cardiac rupture, LV aneurysm and intractable CHF
D. It is not unusual for a px w/ 1st ep of acute MI to have perceptible LVE
Ans. D
One complication of MI is intractable edema caused by:
Papillary muscle rupture and/or rupture of ventricular septum
Chest PA film showing evagination of left lower cardiac border. Hx: heart attack. Dx?
Ans: LV aneurysm
CXR of a 75/M shows LVE, tortuous aorta and a dense C-shaped calci within the cardiac silhouette slightly to the left of midline on PA view and posteriorly on the lat view. Where do you think is the calci?
Ans. Mitral annular calcification
Right retrocardiac double density is one of the radiographic signs of LAE. The distance from the middle of the double density to the middle of the left bronchus is normally ____.
Ans. > 7 cm.
True of narrow AP diameter of thorax:
A. AP, defined as the max diameter from the undersurface of the sternum to the ant border of the vertebral body, measures less than 8cm.
B. The ratio of the transverse diameter (Frontal view) to the a-p diameter (lat view) exceeds 2.5
C. This is caused by straight thoracic spine in straightback syndrome/pectus carinatum
D. All of the above
Ans. C
*A should be sternum to vertebral body
*B should be 2.75
In constrictive pericarditis, which radiographic feature is pathognomonic but infrequently observed?
Flattened cardiac contours
The most reproducible and least time intensive techniques in measuring the cardiac chambers on non-ECG gated multi-detector CT are:
> Transverse diameter technique in assessing the ventricles and the right atrium
AP diameter technique in assessing the left atrium
*Journal
Based on the rec sex specific cardiac chamber measurements in this study, which statement/s is/are true:
Journal:
Going beyond Cardiomegaly: Evaluation of Cardiac Chamber Enlargement at Non
Electrocardiographically Gated Multidetector CT: Current Techniques, Limitations, and Clinical
Implications
True of supravalvular aortic stenosis:
A. Nearly always acquired
B. Diffuse hyperplasia of the aorta
C. Can be a sequela of aortitis
D. All of the above
Ans. C
*A. congenital
*B. hypoplasia
Most frequent cause of calcific aortic stenosis in adult
Ans. Degenerative Aortic stenosis
MR features of valvular aortic stenosis, except:
A. Thickening and limitation of diastolic excursion of cusps
B. +/- bicuspid aortic valve
C. Dilatation of proximal ascending aorta
D. Hyperdynamic LV contraction in compensated state
Ans. A (should be systolic?)*
Typical features of chronic aortic regurgitation:
A. Presence of pulmonary hypertension
B. Cardiomegaly due to RVE
C. Ascending aortic and arch enlargement
D. All of the above
Ans
