2021

Question 1

Which of the following could be described as a legally binding contract: A. Matt agrees to purchase Jeromy’s used car for $5,000. B. Rachel volunteers to take her elderly neighbor to the grocery store. C. Shania asks her mom if she can go to the mall with her friends. D. Brandon’s landlord provides free coffee and tea to residents.

Answer 1

A Matt agrees to purchase Jeromy’s used car for $5,000. To be considered legally binding, a contract must contain two elements: agreement from all parties, and the exchange of something of value for something else of value. The only legally binding contract provided is the exchange of Jeromy’s car for Matt’s $5,000. Matt and Jeromy are both in agreement, and there is an exchange of something of value (money) for another item of value (the car). Volunteering is not an example of a legally binding contract because the volunteer doesn’t get anything of tangible value in return for his/her service. Similarly, offering free coffee and tea to residents without the expectation of anything in return is not a legally binding contract. Asking someone for permission is not an example of a legally binding contract, either. SOURCE: BL:002 Describe the nature of legally binding contracts SOURCE: Laurence, B. (2020). Contracts 101: Make a legally valid contract. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/contracts-101-make-legally-valid-30247.html

Question 2

Creditors are required to inform consumers about __________ before offering them a credit product. A. their credit scores C. the state of the economy B. fees and penalties D. the company’s history

Answer 2

B Fees and penalties. Laws require creditors to provide certain information to consumers before extending credit to them. This ensures consumers are able to make well-informed decisions. For example, creditors must provide information about the fees and penalties that consumers will be required to pay. While consumers have the right to a free copy of their credit reports, the creditors are not required to provide information about consumers’ credit scores before offering them a credit product. Creditors are not required to inform consumers about the state of the economy or the company’s history before offering them a credit product. SOURCE: BL:071 Discuss the nature of debtor-creditor relationship SOURCE: Mangis, L. (2017, December 19). Consumer credit laws and what you need to know about them. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.advantageccs.org/blog/consumer-creditlaws-and-what-you-need-to-know-about-them

Question 3

One of the most common reasons why a defendant may choose to settle a legal dispute out of court is to A. earn the respect of a jury. C. turn the ordeal into a public spectacle. B. prove the defendant’s innocence. D. avoid the high costs of going to trial.

Answer 3

D Avoid the high costs of going to trial. Litigation costs are often extremely high?and the outcome of a trial could be potentially more damaging to a defendant than settling out of court. Settling, however, generally involves some sort of admission of wrongdoing?even if the defendant believes it did nothing wrong. Therefore, proving the defendant’s innocence is not generally a reason for settling a case out of court. Trials can also turn into public spectacles, drawing unwanted attention and potentially negative publicity to the defendant. Settling out of court is an effective way to avoid turning the case into this sort of public drama. Earning the respect of a jury could only happen via a trial, not by settling out of court. SOURCE: BL:159 Describe factors affecting the settlement of legal matters SOURCE: The Free Dictionary. (2020). Settlement. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://legaldictionary.thefreedictionary.com/settlement

Question 4

Which of the following steps in the civil litigation process typically comes first: A. Pleadings C. Trial B. Discovery D. Appeal

Answer 4

A Pleadings. Civil lawsuits occur because of disputes among people, businesses, or other entities. The first step of the litigation process is called pleadings. During this phase, each party in a lawsuit submits an official document detailing its side of the dispute. After pleadings, the discovery process takes place. During the discovery process, each side gathers relevant information about the case to help bolster its argument. After discovery, a trial occurs in which each party presents evidence in support of its claims to a judge and/or jury. An appeal may be filed after a trial is completed. An appeal is a request for a higher court to review the case in hopes of achieving an alternative outcome. SOURCE: BL:160 Describe the litigation process SOURCE: Akhbari, K. (2018, May 22). How do lawsuits work? Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.legalmatch.com/law-library/article/how-do-lawsuitswork.html#:~:text=A%20lawsuit%20is%20a%20civil,defendant%20for%20some%20harm%2 0caused.&text=If%20the%20plaintiff%20is%20successful,the%20plaintiff%20is%20entitled%

Question 5

What should you do first when someone gives you a set of written instructions to follow? A. Read the instructions in their entirety. B. Comprehend what the instructions are telling you. C. Reference the instructions when you get stuck. D. Skim the instructions for a general overview.

Answer 5

A Read the instructions in their entirety. The first step to effectively following written instructions is to read the written instructions all the way through at least once, not to skim for a general overview. Comprehension of written instructions is a result of reading and understanding what the instructions are telling you in depth. Although you should reference the instructions when you get stuck, this step should follow a full read-through of the instructions. SOURCE: CO:056 Apply written directions to achieve tasks SOURCE: Classroom. (2020). How to follow written instructions. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://classroom.synonym.com/explain-sentences-grammar-school-kids-8487487.html

Question 6

A staff meeting was held to discuss some problems the business was having. Management did not need to stress the seriousness of the problems, as it was conveyed in their voices. Which speech element was management using to convey its message? A. Tone B. Empathy C. Tempo D. Enunciation

Answer 6

A Tone. Tone is the sound of a speaker’s voice, which should carry the meaning of the subject. It is used to communicate emotions, feelings, and attitudes. Enunciation is speaking distinctly. Tempo is the rhythm of speech. Empathy is the ability to listen to what is being discussed from the speaker’s point of view. SOURCE: CO:147 Explain the nature of effective verbal communications SOURCE: Literary Devices. (2020). Tone. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://literarydevices.net/tone/

Question 7

Paul is responding to an inquiry he received in the mail. His response includes some good news and some bad news. How should he structure his response in light of the bad news? A. Place the bad news in the post-script (P.S.) section of the response. B. Place the bad news at the beginning and the good news in the closing paragraph. C. Place the good news at the beginning and the bad news in secondary position(s). D. Give more space to bad news than good news to emphasize urgency.

Answer 7

C Place the good news at the beginning and the bad news in secondary position(s). Bad news stands out, and so while he needs to honestly share bad news, it should be handled with care or else it will eclipse the good news. To do this, good news should always be used at the beginning and be allocated more space than bad news. If a post-script is used, it should contain good news since it will be the last impression for the reader. Negative or bad information is not always urgent. SOURCE: CO:060 Provide legitimate responses to inquiries SOURCE: Nordquist, R. (2019, July 28). Effective bad-news messages in business writing. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.thoughtco.com/bad-news-message-business-writing1689018

Question 8

An accounts receivable employee monitors delinquent accounts by placing them into three folders?30 days past due, 60 days past due, and 90 days past due. How has the employee organized the information? A. Name B. Invoice number C. Location D. Time

Answer 8

D Time. The system used or the way information is organized often depends on the type of information or task at hand. In the example, the employee must track delinquent accounts. Because some accounts are more overdue than other accounts the employee may use time as a method of organizing the information. Each interval may require the employee to take a different action, such as mailing a late notice to accounts that are 30 days past due, calling accounts that are 60 days past due, and turning accounts over to collection agencies that are 90 days past due. Each action is based on a certain time frame. The example does not indicate if the invoice numbers, locations, or names are organized in a specific manner. SOURCE: CO:086 Organize information SOURCE: Nikolov, A. (2017, May 14). Design principle: Organizing information. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://uxplanet.org/design-principle-organizing-information-343a7ef936a8

Question 9

Which of the following message closings is the most appropriate to use for a businessperson who is sending formal email correspondence: A. Affectionately B. THX C. Greetings D. Regards

Answer 9

D Regards. A closing is the point in which the writer ends a letter with a word of farewell just before signing his/her name. When writing business letters, closings are usually neutral, professional, and friendly. Closings such as “regards” and “sincerely” are common ways to end business letters. THX is an initialism that represents the word ¡°thanks.¡± Initialisms are not appropriate to use to close formal business letters. A writer might use “greetings” to open an informal letter and use “affectionately” to close a letter to a friend, family member, or significant other. SOURCE: CO:090 Write professional emails SOURCE: Doyle, A. (2020, June 17). How to end a letter with closing examples. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.thebalancecareers.com/how-to-end-a-letter-2062308

Question 10

Mitchell is writing an email to a company asking for some information that he needs to complete a research project. What is the most effective way to close the message? A. I wish you the best of luck. B. I need this information ASAP. C. I appreciate your help with this issue. D. I apologize for the inconvenience.

Answer 10

C I appreciate your help with this issue. An inquiry is a request for information. Letters of inquiry are requests for information such as product specifications, prices, job openings, proposals, expertise or consultation, etc. Letting the message recipient know that you appreciate his/her time and effort is a cordial way to close the message. The message sender might state a time when s/he plans to follow up with the recipient. Closing the message by saying the information is needed ASAP is rude and unprofessional. Wishing the message recipient luck and extending an apology are inappropriate closings for the situation at hand. SOURCE: CO:040 Write inquiries SOURCE: McBride, S. (2020). Write the letter of inquiry: A step in the right direction. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://resources.foundant.com/blog/write-the-letter-of-inquiry-a-step-in-the-rightdirection

Question 11

In a detailed document, Rachel explains the possible implications of implementing a cooperative advertising program for her employer’s major customers. In this situation, Rachel developed a A. request for proposal. C. sales analysis. B. troubleshooting proposal. D. feasibility report.

Answer 11

D
Feasibility report. A feasibility report summarizes the positive and negative consequences or implications
of taking a certain course of action. Troubleshooting reports address specific problems, such as a
problem with a process. A sales analysis is an examination of a company’s sales for a certain period of
time. A request for proposal is an invitation that a business extends to suppliers to bid on a particular
project or program.
SOURCE: CO:185 Write analytical reports (i.e., reports that examine a problem/issue and recommend
an action)
SOURCE: Lumen Learning. (n.d.). Feasibility report overview. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-professionalcommunication/chapter/unit-4
b_feasiblity-report_lecture-2/

Question 12

Which of the following statements would be placed in the introductory section of a research report: A. Based on the previously stated findings, it is recommended that the XYZ Company revise its operating budget. B. The purpose of this study is to determine why sales have been decreasing for three consecutive quarters. C. The survey consisted of 250,600 respondents from the northern region of the country. D. The statistics indicate that the business is losing up to 15% of its market share to new competitors.

Answer 12

B
The purpose of this study is to determine why sales have been decreasing for three consecutive
quarters. A research report is a written document that summarizes an investigation related to a particular
issue or problem. A comprehensive research report contains several sections. In the introductory section
of the research report, the writer identifies the problem and the purpose of the report, such as declining
sales. Recommendations are detailed at the end of the report. Details about the research process, such
as survey data, are addressed in the methodology section of the research report. Statistics are included
in the results section of the research report.
SOURCE: CO:186 Write research reports
SOURCE: Bhat, A. (2020). Research reports: Definition and how to write them. Retrieved July 17, 2020,
from https://www.questionpro.com/blog/research-reports/

Question 13

Which type of communication is being used when a salesperson sends a message to the store manager? A. Lateral C. Upward B. Downward D. Diagonal

Answer 13

C Upward. Upward communication starts with employees and goes to an upper organizational level. Downward communication starts with the upper level and goes down to the employees. Lateral communication is communication that occurs between employees on the same organizational level. Diagonal is not a type of communication. SOURCE: CO:014 Explain the nature of staff communication SOURCE: Indeed. (2020, April 3). What is upward communication? Definition and examples. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/upwardscommunication

Question 14

What might result if a business fails to maintain positive customer/client relations? A. Decrease in sales C. Loss of advertisers B. Reduction in assets D. Lowering of goals

Answer 14

A Decrease in sales. Maintaining good customer/client relations is important to a business because customers who receive poor treatment may never return to the business. When customers fail to return, businesses often experience a decrease in sales. Also, customers who are poorly treated may tell their friends and others about the treatment, and these people may decide not to buy from the business, thereby adding to the decrease in sales. Failing to maintain positive customer/client relations probably would not result in a loss of advertisers, a reduction in assets, or a lowering of goals. SOURCE: CR:003 Explain the nature of positive customer relations SOURCE: LAP-CR-003?Accentuate the Positive (Nature of Customer Relations)

Question 15

Which of the following is a true statement regarding data integrity and security: A. It can be helpful to hire a data security specialist. B. Businesses are not allowed to sell customer information. C. Data security programs are strictly monitored by the government. D. All businesses have similar data security needs.

Answer 15

A It can be helpful to hire a data security specialist. It can be helpful for a business to hire a data security specialist to help it design and implement a data security plan. Businesses are allowed to sell customer information as long as they state this intention in their privacy policies. Data security programs are not monitored by the government. Data security needs vary from industry to industry. SOURCE: CR:017 Explain the role of ethics in customer relationship management SOURCE: LAP-CR-017?Trust Is a Must (Ethics in Customer Relationship Management)

Question 16

Items that are used to produce goods and services are A. unlimited resources. B. noneconomic resources. C. competing wants. D. economic resources.

Answer 16

D Economic resources. An item becomes an economic resource when it is used to produce a good or a service. Economic resources are rarely unlimited. Competing wants exist when we want more than one thing at the same time but don’t have the money to buy both. SOURCE: EC:003 Explain the concept of economic resources SOURCE: LAP-EC-014?Be Resourceful (Economic Resources)

Question 17

Which of the following are results, or outputs, of the production activities of a business: A. Goods or services C. Raw materials B. Capital resources D. Means of production

Answer 17

A Goods or services. Goods and/or services are the outputs of a business’s production system. Capital resources are the business’s investment in its facilities and equipment. The means of production are all the resources required in the production of goods and services. Raw materials, items in their natural state or condition, might be part of the means of production. SOURCE: EC:071 Describe types of business activities SOURCE: LAP-EC-071?Strictly Business (Business Activities)

Question 18

One of the biggest barriers that separates countries/regions is A. brain drain. C. methods of travel. B. technology. D. language.

Answer 18

D Language. One of the biggest barriers that separates countries/regions is language. Technology and improved methods of travel have made the world “smaller,” but they do not necessarily solve the problem of a language barrier between two people who want to communicate. Brain drain occurs when talented workers leave their home countries for better opportunities in other countries. It is not a barrier that separates countries/regions from one another. SOURCE: EC:104 Discuss the global environment in which businesses operate SOURCE: LAP-EC-104?Stretch Your Boundaries (The Global Business Environment)

Question 19

To develop new products that accommodate changing markets, a business should A. review its profit margins on a continuous basis. B. adopt a laissez-faire organizational structure. C. develop licensing programs with business partners. D. implement innovative management practices.

Answer 19

D Implement innovative management practices. Many employees are in direct contact with customers, so they learn what the customers need and want. When employees are encouraged to exchange ideas and to “think outside the box,” the business is supporting an innovative management style. When an innovative, creative environment is fostered, employees are willing to present their ideas for new products and processes to management. Acting on feasible ideas will help the business attract new and changing markets, and help it thrive in the marketplace. Developing licensing programs and business partnerships are ways that a business can adapt to changes; however, these actions depend on the type of business and the business’s goals. All businesses should review their profit margins on a regular basis, regardless of their willingness to develop new products. Laissez-faire managers assume little or no leadership responsibility. The business is unlikely to adapt to markets or survive in the marketplace if it does not lead its employees in a desired direction. SOURCE: EC:107 Explain how organizations adapt to today’s markets SOURCE: LAP-EC-107?Keep the Change (Adapting to Markets)

Question 20

20. Leonardo’s is considering opening a second location in a nearby city. The owners are concerned with the
    competition they might face from a business that is not quite like theirs, but also competes for scarce
    consumer dollars. What form of competition are they facing?
    A. Indirect
    B. Price
    C. Direct
    D. Nonprice

Answer 20

A Indirect. Indirect competition is a rivalry between or among businesses that offer dissimilar goods or services. All businesses compete for scarce consumer dollars that might be spent on goods and services different from their own. Price competition is a type of rivalry between or among businesses that focuses on the use of price to attract scarce customer dollars. Nonprice competition is a type of rivalry between or among businesses that involves factors other than price. Direct competition is rivalry between or among businesses that offer similar types of goods or services. SOURCE: EC:012 Explain the concept of competition SOURCE: LAP-EC-008?Ready, Set, Compete! (Competition)

Question 21

Increased export trade might result in an increase in A. sales taxes. B. employment opportunities. C. inflationary trends.
D. interest rates.

Answer 21

B Employment opportunities. The dependency of nations on one another for various goods and services results in increased consumer demand, expanded production, additional jobs, and higher standards of living for all. Sales taxes, which are levied by local and state governments, are collected at the point of sale for different types of goods and services. Interest rate is the percentage figure used in calculating interest charges. An increase in export trade does not result in changes in sales tax rates or interest rates. A rapid rise in prices, which is characteristic of inflation, would not result from increased export trade. SOURCE: EC:016 Explain the nature of global trade SOURCE: LAP-EC-004?Beyond US (Global Trade)

Question 22

22. What is the difference between a visa and a passport?
    A. A passport is a supplement to a visa.
    B. A visa is a supplement to a passport.
    C. Visas are for business; passports are for leisure.
    D. Passports are for business; visas are for leisure.

Answer 22

B A visa is a supplement to a passport. In any situation in which a visa is required, a passport is also required. Visas are not always required and vary based on the country and length of travel, but passports are required for nearly all international travel. Passports and visas are often required for both business and leisure trips. SOURCE: EC:141 Identify requirements for international business travel (e.g., passport, visa, proof of citizenship, immunizations, and sponsorship letters) SOURCE: Passport Index. (2020). Everything you need to know about visas. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.passportindex.org/visa.php

Question 23

Which of the following is an accurate way of describing someone with emotional intelligence: A. A person who ignores his/her emotions B. A person who becomes emotional very easily C. A person who recognizes and manages emotions D. A person who has a high IQ

Answer 23

C A person who recognizes and manages emotions. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize and manage emotions in ourselves and others. It is usually described as being aware of your own emotions, responding to them appropriately, and then doing the same with the emotions of other people. Emotional intelligence is not the same thing as being an emotional person. It is also not the same thing as ignoring emotions. A person’s IQ is his/her intelligence quotient, which is not the same thing as emotional intelligence. SOURCE: EI:001 Describe the nature of emotional intelligence SOURCE: LAP-EI-001?EQ and You (Emotional Intelligence)

Question 24

You have just had an experience that greatly reduced your level of self-esteem. Which of the following is a constructive action to take: A. Wish it hadn’t happened. B. Blame someone else for what happened. C. Forget about it. D. Analyze what happened.

Answer 24

D Analyze what happened. Try to analyze what happened and determine what damaged your self-esteem. When you have done that, try to figure out how to handle things differently next time. Forgetting about it won’t help you avoid having the same thing happen again. Blaming someone else won’t help, and wishing won’t undo what has been done. SOURCE: EI:016 Explain the concept of self-esteem SOURCE: Indeed. (2019, October 7). The importance of high self-worth in the workplace. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/importanceof-high-self-worth

Question 25

Which of the following is a characteristic of self-confidence: A. Willing to take positive risks C. Dismissing compliments B. Having a suspicious attitude D. Criticizing others’ ideas

Answer 25

A Willing to take positive risks. Self-confidence is a positive belief in your own talents, skills, and objectives. Self-confident people tend to exhibit certain characteristics, such as a positive attitude, an appreciation and acceptance of others’ compliments, and a willingness to take risks. A self-confident person can express his/her own opinions or ideas even when others disagree, which involves risk-taking. A selfconfident person understands that others’ ideas and opinions do not hold any more or less value that her/his own ideas and opinions. While a self-confident person does not always agree with others, s/he does not ridicule or criticize others for expressing their own ideas. SOURCE: EI:023 Exhibit self-confidence SOURCE: Baldoni, J. (2018, April 27). Want to build your confidence? Take a risk! Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnbaldoni/2018/04/27/want-to-build-yourconfidence-take-a-risk/#5073cf0e729c

Question 26

If you are considering the possible consequences of each decision you could make, you are A. focusing on creativity. C. assessing risk. B. staying calm. D. practicing mindfulness.

Answer 26

C Assessing risk. Assessing risk means focusing on the possible consequences and outcomes associated with your decisions and actions. Staying calm, focusing on creativity, and practicing mindfulness are not specifically related to considering the possible consequences of each decision you could make. SOURCE: EI:092 Develop tolerance for ambiguity SOURCE: LAP-EI-092?Embrace the Unknown (Developing a Tolerance for Ambiguity)

Question 27

An example of a social change would be a change in A. highway speed limits. B. hair and clothing styles. C. interest rates. D.product-safety standards.

Answer 27

B Hair and clothing styles. Social change involve values, tastes, habits, etc., of society. Changes in hair and clothing styles are examples of social changes. Changes in highway speed limits and product-safety standards are examples of governmental changes. Interest rate fluctuations are economic changes. SOURCE: EI:026 Adjust to change SOURCE: Henderson, O. (2015, May 21). Fashion as a catalyst for social change. Retrieved September 1, 2020, from https://tedxsydney.com/talk/fashion-as-a-catalyst-for-socialchange/

Question 28

Which of the following is a basic belief that you must have so you can start to be assertive: A. You should always respond to the needs of others. B. You have the right to try to force your ideas on others. C. Your thoughts, feelings, ideas, and opinions are important. D. Your needs come first in all situations.

Answer 28

C Your thoughts, feelings, ideas, and opinions are important. You can learn to be assertive by developing certain basic beliefs about yourself and your rights. For one, you must believe that your thoughts, feelings, ideas, and opinions are as important as anyone else’s. Also, you have the right to express your thoughts, feelings, ideas, and opinions, but in a way that does not offend or threaten others. If you try to force your ideas on others, you are stepping over the line from assertiveness to aggressiveness. You should realize that you will not always be able to respond to the needs of others. Also, your needs are as important as the needs of others, but others may not be able to meet your needs in all situations. SOURCE: EI:008 Use appropriate assertiveness SOURCE: LAP-EI-018?Assert Yourself (Assertiveness)

Question 29

Your boss tells employees not to use their phones in front of customers, but s/he is constantly texting and checking social media. Your boss is ineffective at modeling ethical behavior because s/he isn’t A. providing feedback. C. making ethics relevant to employees. B. being consistent. D. communicating clearly and openly.

Answer 29

B Being consistent. Inconsistency is one of the biggest reasons that people struggle to effectively model ethical behavior. It is important to make sure that your actions and words are consistent and align with your moral principles. If your boss has a rule, yet s/he doesn’t follow it, you won’t be likely to look to him/her as an ethical role model. There is no indication that your boss is not providing feedback, making ethics relevant to employees, or communicating clearly and openly. SOURCE: EI:132 Model ethical behavior SOURCE: LAP-EI-132?Practice What You Preach (Modeling Ethical Behavior)

Question 30

Which of the following best describes what it means to have a vision: A. Encouraging others to achieve their dreams B. Setting clear objectives that you want to achieve C. Being clear-minded and focused at all times D. Having a mental picture of the ideal future

Answer 30

D Having a mental picture of the ideal future. A vision is a mental snapshot of your desired future. Having a vision does not mean setting clear objectives that you want to achieve, although you may set goals and objectives as part of creating your vision. Being clear-minded and focused at all times and encouraging others to achieve their dreams do not describe what it means to have a vision. SOURCE: EI:063 Determine personal vision SOURCE: LAP-EI-063?Picture This! (Determining Personal Vision)

Question 31

Sarah works in a large corporation and has daily contact with many different types of people from a variety of backgrounds. What is one technique that she can use in order to treat all of these people with respect? A. Stereotype coworkers B. Discuss controversial topics C. React defensively D. Use empathy and tact

Answer 31

D Use empathy and tact. Empathy is the ability to put yourself in another person’s place. Tact is the ability to do or say the right thing in any circumstances. These two tools will help Sarah treat people respectfully because empathy will help her understand them, and tact will help her avoid offending them. In order to treat all people respectfully, Sarah should avoid discussing controversial topics, reacting defensively, and stereotyping coworkers. SOURCE: EI:036 Treat others with dignity and respect SOURCE: LAP-EI-036?Everyone’s Worthy (Treating Others With Dignity and Respect)

Question 32

Conflicting viewpoints at work can lead to A. increased creativity. B. heightened aggression. C. more discrimination.
D. decreased productivity.

Answer 32

A Increased creativity. You may not realize it, but conflicting viewpoints can even lead to improved creativity at school or work. That’s because conflicting ideas often result in discussions that lead to new, unique ways of doing things. Conflicting viewpoints at work do not necessarily lead to heightened aggression or more discrimination. Conflicting viewpoints often increase productivity because they lead to the discovery of better processes and strategies. SOURCE: EI:136 Consider conflicting viewpoints SOURCE: LAP-EI-136?Pick a Side (Considering Conflicting Viewpoints)

Question 33

Integrity means acting with
A. humility.
B. honesty.
C. leadership skills.
D. a sense of humor.

Answer 33

B Honesty. Integrity is acting with honesty in all situations. This means that you do the right thing even when no one else is watching, when it isn¡¯t easy, or when it might not be in your best interest. Integrity does not necessarily mean acting with humility or a sense of humor, and you don¡¯t need leadership skills to have integrity. SOURCE: EI:123 Describe the nature of ethics SOURCE: LAP-EI-123?Rules To Live By (Nature of Ethics)

Question 34

Entrepreneurs who hold themselves to high moral standards from the very beginning
A. set the bar low for other companies.
C. set their businesses up for success.
B. are destined to go bankrupt.
D. are unlikely to make a profit.

Answer 34

C Set their businesses up for success. Making ethical decisions while starting a new company is challenging! To make it even harder, ethical decisions aren’t necessarily always the best decisions for the company’s short-term profits. However, entrepreneurs that stick to ethical behavior from the get-go can rest assured that making the right choices now leads to success later. Entrepreneurs that hold themselves to high moral standards set themselves and their businesses up for long-term success and create companies they can be proud of. Ethical entrepreneurs are not necessarily destined to go bankrupt?and their chances of making a profit are good if they have strong business plans and a commitment to their companies. Ethical entrepreneurs set a high standard for other companies, not a low standard. SOURCE: EN:044 Describe the use of business ethics in entrepreneurship SOURCE: LAP-EN-044?Ethical Excellence (Ethics in Entrepreneurship)

Question 35

Which of the following is a name for a medium of exchange accepted and backed by the government as payment for goods and services: A. Certificates of deposit B. Credit cards C. Money market accounts D. Currency

Answer 35

D Currency. Currency is government-issued specimen that are accepted as payment for goods and services. Credit cards, money market accounts, and certificates of deposit are not mediums of exchange. SOURCE: FI:059 Identify types of currency (paper money, coins, banknotes, government bonds, treasury notes, etc.) SOURCE: Chen, J. (2020, February 17). Medium of exchange definition. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/mediumofexchange.asp#axzz25hjB0X28

Question 36

By developing a personal budget, individuals will be able to review their A. bank statements. C. investment plans. B. insurance policy coverage. D. spending patterns.

Answer 36

D Spending patterns. A budget is an estimate of what income and expenses will be for a specific time period. The expense section of a budget helps individuals review their spending patterns, which are the ways that they spend money. For example, a budget might indicate that a lot of money was being spent on convenience foods or casual clothing. This indicates a spending pattern that may need to be changed depending on the amount of income. Developing a personal budget will not enable individuals to review their insurance policy coverage, investment plans, or bank statements. SOURCE: FI:066 Develop personal budget SOURCE: Practical Money Skills. (2020). Budgeting. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://www.practicalmoneyskills.com/learn/budgeting

Question 37

Determining your personal net worth means finding out how much money you would have if you A. sold all of your assets and paid off all your debts. B. paid all of your debts and purchased more assets. C. earned twice as much money as you made this year. D. sold all of your assets and took on more debts.

Answer 37

A Sold all of your assets and paid off all your debts. Net worth is a single amount representing how much money you would have if you sold all of your assets and paid off all your debts. Net worth does not represent how much money you would have if you paid all of your debts and purchased more assets, earned twice as much money as you made this year, or sold all of your assets and took on more debts. SOURCE: FI:562 Determine personal net worth SOURCE: McGrath, J. (2020). How to determine your net worth. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://money.howstuffworks.com/personal-finance/financial-planning/net-worth.htm

Question 38

Why should you pay your credit card bill in full each month? A. When you pay in full, annual fees don’t apply. B. When you pay in full, you can avoid accumulating interest. C. When you pay in full, finance charges are applied. D. When you pay in full, your credit score will go down over time.

Answer 38

B When you pay in full, you can avoid accumulating interest. Interest is a fee that lenders charge borrowers for the use of credit, and is usually figured as a percentage of the amount. When you don’t pay your credit card balance in full each month, you accumulate interest on the balance that will increase the amount you have to pay. It is wise to pay off your credit card bills in full each month to avoid this interest. Annual fees and finance charges vary based on the credit card you have, not based on whether you pay in full each month or not. If you pay your bills in full each month, your credit score will likely go up over time?not down. SOURCE: FI:071 Demonstrate the wise use of credit SOURCE: College Board. (2020). How to use credit cards wisely. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://bigfuture.collegeboard.org/pay-for-college/paying-your-share/how-to-use-credit-cardswisely

Question 39

To protect yourself against identity theft, you should A. write down all of your important passwords on paper. B. throw away credit card receipts in public trash cans. C. maintain at least six different credit cards in your name. D. avoid providing sensitive information via telephone.

Answer 39

D Avoid providing sensitive information via telephone. Unless you can verify the authenticity of the person you are speaking to, you should avoid providing personal information such as your credit card number, address, or social security number via telephone. You should never throw away your credit card receipts in public trash cans without shredding them first, since people could fish them out and access your information. It’s unwise to open more credit cards than necessary. The more lines of credit you have, the more likely someone will be able to steal your information. It’s also unwise to write down your important passwords on paper. Instead, you should try your best to memorize your important passwords. SOURCE: FI:073 Protect against identity theft SOURCE: Bischoff, P. (2020, June 11). Best identity theft protection services for 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.comparitech.com/identity-theft-protection/

Question 40

Which of the following is most likely to be a consequence for a business that neglects its financial
information:
A. A business might exceed its budget.
B. Salespeople might not be prepared.
C. The target market might not be reached.
D. Competitors will perform better.

Answer 40

A A business might exceed its budget. Financial information is incredibly important for an organization’s success. If a business does not pay attention to its financial information, it might exceed its budget, causing further problems down the road. Neglecting financial information does not necessarily lead salespeople to be unprepared, prevent the business from reaching the target market, or lead competitors to perform better. SOURCE: FI:351 Discuss the role of ethics in accounting SOURCE: LAP-FI-351?With Due Care (The Role of Ethics in Accounting)

Question 41

Effective budgets should always be A. inflexible. B. optimistic. C. evaluated. D. secretive.

Answer 41

C Evaluated. An effective budget is one that is evaluated regularly. The real value of a budget comes in using it to assess the company’s progress in achieving its goals. A budget must be evaluated from time to time to move the business forward. Budgets should not be optimistic; rather, they should be realistic. It’s important to base budgets on realistic estimates. If a business isn’t honest with its budget, the budget won’t be very helpful. Because budgets are estimates, it’s crucial that they remain flexible. There will always be factors outside a business’s control that may require a change in the budget. Budgets shouldn’t be secretive; instead, they should be clearly communicated with all employees. When each person in the company is aware of his/her effect on the company’s profits, s/he will be more motivated to be cost-conscious. SOURCE: FI:106 Describe the nature of budgets SOURCE: LAP-FI-106?Money Tracks (Nature of Budgets)

Question 42

According to a company’s most recent statement of cash flows, its cash flow from operations for the most recent year was $1,375,400. The net cash used by investing was an outlay of $690,000. The net cash spent on financing was $140,300. What was the company’s free cash flow? A. $549,700 B. $545,100 C. $686,400 D. $830,300

Answer 42

B $545,100. A company’s free cash flow represents the funds available for internal growth and expansion. It also indicates how well the company is managing its money. A positive free cash flow is usually a sign that the company is practicing responsible money management, which can result in increased shareholder yield. A negative free cash flow, however, indicates that the company needs to look for more and/or other sources of funding. To calculate the free cash flow, we first need to determine the company’s capital expenditures by adding together the net cash used by investing and the net cash used by financing ($690,000 + $140,300 = $830,300). Finally, subtract the total capital expenditures from the cash flow from operations ($1,375,400 - $830,300 = $545,100). So, the company brought in $545,100 more than it spent. SOURCE: FI:541 Interpret cash-flow statements SOURCE: Vane, J. (2017, September 26). How to calculate free cash flow. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://bizfluent.com/how-2364074-calculate-free-cash-flow.html

Question 43

Making employment information available to job seekers in many locations at the same time is one way that computer technology impacts A. business development. B. human resources management. C. corporate communications. D. organizational decision-making.

Answer 43

B Human resources management. This is the process of planning, staffing, leading, and organizing the employees of a business. One way that computer technology impacts this process is by making it possible for businesses to post employment information online so it is available to job seekers in many locations at the same time. As a result, potential job applicants throughout the world have an opportunity to access the Internet and view information about job openings and, in many cases, complete online applications. Business development usually involves attracting more customers to increase sales. Corporate communications usually involves communication within the business. Organizational decisionmaking involves making decisions about the structure of the business. SOURCE: HR:412 Describe the use of technology in human resources management SOURCE: Sherman, F. (2019, January 29). How does technology impact HR practices? Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/technology-impact-hr-practices37912.html#:~:text=Technology%20changes%20the%20way%20HR,benefits%20and%20mi nimize%20the%20problems.

Question 44

A manager in a manufacturing facility must rely on her/his skills and intuitions; however, a computer program that uses gathered knowledge to reinforce her/his choices can be a great tool. This program is known as a(n) A. expert system. B. intranet. C. spreadsheet. D. decision support system.

Answer 44

D Decision support system. A computer program that uses gathered knowledge to aid managers in decision-making and problem solving is called a decision support system. For many organizations, it’s an important component of knowledge management. An intranet is an organization’s ¡°internal Internet.¡± A spreadsheet is a computer program that arranges figures into rows and columns. An expert system is a computer program that gathers the knowledge of experienced workers from both inside and outside the organization. SOURCE: KM:001 Explain the nature of knowledge management SOURCE: LAP-KM-001?Know Go (The Nature of Knowledge Management)

Question 45

To have effective knowledge-management processes, businesses need their employees to have a(n) __________ attitude. A. cautious B. transparent C. argumentative D.curious

Answer 45

B Transparent. Knowledge management involves leveraging the expertise, insight, and information of internal and external resources to help an organization achieve its goals. Transparency is the quality of being just as one seems?trustworthy. When employees have expertise or personal insight that can help the business achieve its goals, they should share their knowledge with their employers. Sharing knowledge means that the employees have a transparent attitude; they are willing to share their knowhow, and they are not deliberately concealing knowledge that will help the business achieve its goals. Although curious and cautious behaviors are desirable traits, they are not needed for effective knowledge management processes. Businesses do not, as a general rule, want employees to be argumentative. SOURCE: KM:002 Discuss the role of ethics in knowledge management SOURCE: Cole-Ingait, P. (2020). Critical success factors in business knowledge management. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/critical-success-factorsbusiness-knowledge-management-76598.html

Question 46

One tool that businesses can use to allow employees and customers to share knowledge through their websites is by posting A. message boards. B. meta tags. C. bots. D. interesting content.

Answer 46

A Message boards. A message board is a page on a website that allows computer users to ask questions and post responses to the questions. Message boards allow customers and employees to share information to solve problems, which may or may not contain interesting content. Meta tags are Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) codes that display information about web pages. Bots are computer programs that scan the Web to find computer-program updates. SOURCE: KM:003 Explain the use of technology in knowledge management SOURCE: Portacio, A. (2016, December 12). The power of discussion boards. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://usfblogs.usfca.edu/usfid/2016/12/12/the-power-of-discussionboards/#.XxHJFihKhPY

Question 47

Which of the following is an action that a business can take to capture tacit knowledge from its employees: A. Conducting personal interviews B. Holding customer focus groups C. Developing a competitive analysis D. Obtaining statistical reports from the Internet

Answer 47

A Conducting personal interviews. Tacit knowledge is knowledge consisting of personal opinions, experiences, expertise, or understanding that is not easily articulated, stored, or quantified. By conducting personal interviews with employees, management might be able to obtain knowledge from employees about their on-the-job experiences?experiences that can ultimately affect the success of the business. Listening to employees’ experiences might reveal problems and issues that they encounter while doing their jobs. Holding customer focus groups, developing a competitive analysis, and obtaining statistical reports from the Internet will not capture employees’ tacit knowledge. SOURCE: KM:005 Identify techniques that can be used to capture and transfer knowledge in an organization SOURCE: Oragui, D. (2020, February 1). Tacit knowledge: Definitions, examples, and importance. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://helpjuice.com/blog/tacit-knowledge

Question 48

At an exhibit, an employee helps customers make selections of new items that appeal to them. Which function of marketing is the salesperson performing? A. Pricing B. Promotion C. Selling D. Distribution

Answer 48

C Selling. Selling is a marketing function that involves determining customer needs and wants and responding through planned, personalized communication that influences purchase decisions and enhances future business opportunities. Promotion is the communication of information to customers or clients about goods, services, images, and/or ideas to achieve a desired outcome. Pricing is determining and adjusting prices to maximize return and meet customers’ perceptions of value. Distribution is the process of moving, storing, locating, and/or transferring ownership of goods and services. SOURCE: MK:002 Describe marketing functions and related activities SOURCE: LAP-MK-001?Work the Big Seven (Marketing Functions)

Question 49

¡°Helsinki is the capital of Finland¡± is an example of what type of information? A. Criticism C. Factual B. Opinion D. Unproven

Answer 49

C Factual. Factual information is proven, true, and objective. The capital of a country is a fact. You can find factual information in sources like dictionaries and atlases. Criticism is an analysis of something or someone that identifies any shortcomings. Opinion is a person’s point of view or belief about a topic. It is proven that Helsinki is the capital of Finland. SOURCE: NF:077 Assess information needs SOURCE: Arkansas State University. (2020, February 27). Types of information. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://libguides.astate.edu/c.php?g=14512&p=78159#:~:text=Factual%20information%20is %20information%20that,such%20as%20the%20U.S.%20Census.

Question 50

One way for a person to verify the reliability of an online article’s information is by A. comparing the information with other articles about the topic. B. evaluating the author’s writing style. C. gathering internal reports from the company’s database. D. asking others for their opinions.

Answer 50

A Comparing the information with other articles about the topic. When other articles from reputable sources confirm the information from the original article, the information in the original article is more likely to be reliable. Evaluating the author’s writing style, gathering internal reports from the company’s database, and asking others for their opinions are not actions that will verify the reliability of the article’s information. SOURCE: NF:079 Evaluate quality and source of information SOURCE: Cooper, M. (2020). How to determine the validity of a research article. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://classroom.synonym.com/determine-validity-research-article5035804.html#

Question 51

Who is responsible for information management? A. The information management department B. Everyone in the organization C. An information technology manager D. The chief executive officer

Answer 51

B Everyone in the organization. Everyone in the organization is responsible to do his/her part to contribute to appropriate information management. This includes, but is not limited to, the information management department, an information technology manager, and the chief executive officer. SOURCE: NF:110 Discuss the nature of information management SOURCE: LAP-NF-110?In the Know (Nature of Information Management)

Question 52

If a business wants to send a mailing to customers in specific geographic regions, it should set the database query to sort its customer information by A. name. C. state. B. sales volume. D. street number.

Answer 52

C State. A database software program allows a business to sort customer information by various criteria? customer name, sales volume, customer type, zip code, etc. Queries are database fields that the business uses to sort the data. The type of data that the business wants to retrieve or analyze determines the database query (sorting mechanism) that the business uses. To obtain a list of customers in specific geographic regions, the business should sort by state. Depending on the business’s needs, it may also use zip code, city name, or country to sort by geographic location. Sales volume, customer name, and street numbers are not queries that will sort customer information by geographic location. SOURCE: NF:009 Demonstrate basic database applications SOURCE: Chapple, M. (2019, November 18). What is a definition of a database query? Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.lifewire.com/query-definition-1019180

Question 53

What spreadsheet function enables Audrey to reorganize sales data in one column so the dollar values appear in descending order? A. AutoSum B. Sort and filter C. Merge D. Find and select

Answer 53

B
Sort and filter. The sort and filter function enables computer users to change the order of data in a
spreadsheet. The find and replace function enables computer users to locate text or numerical values
within the spreadsheet and replace them with designated text or numbers. The merge function enables
computer users to consolidate information from other computer applications into one location (e.g.,
worksheet). AutoSum is a spreadsheet function that enables computer users to obtain the sum of figures
in a row or column of a spreadsheet.
SOURCE: NF:010 Demonstrate basic spreadsheet applications
SOURCE: Microsoft. (2020). Sort data in a table. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from
https://support.office

Question 54

To streamline its information systems, the Mason Company wants to purchase a computer program that performs a variety of related functions, such as accounts payable, accounts receivable, and general ledger applications. The Mason Company should purchase a(n) __________ computer package. A. integrated software C. engineering design B. marketing intelligence D. customer identification

Answer 54

A
Integrated software. Integrated software applications consist of two or more related computer programs
that work together to record information or perform specific business tasks or functions. Accounting
involves keeping and interpreting financial records. Because accounts payable, accounts receivable, and
general ledger applications are related or interdependent accounting activities, the company should
purchase an integrated accounting software package. Marketing intelligence involves obtaining and
analyzing information about the target market. Engineers use engineering design software to develop
various products and structures. Customer identification and preferences are often elements of customer
relationship management integrated software.
SOURCE: NF:088 Use an integrated business software application package
SOURCE: PCMag. (2020). Integrated software package. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from
https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/integrated-software-package

Question 55

Which of the following is a project-management software application that duplicates the project database and enables project managers to evaluate potential changes to the project plan and assess ¡°what if¡± scenarios: A. Transaction processing B. Test environment C. Encryption D. Digital scanning

Answer 55

B Test environment. Project-management software often includes test-environment applications that enable project managers to input different variables that provide different outcomes. The project managers review the results of each output in the duplicate database to determine if an action or change is feasible without altering the primary database. A transaction is an exchange of goods and services for money. Encryption is a method of securing data. Digital scanning involves duplicating an image of a document or graphic. SOURCE: NF:130 Utilize project-management software SOURCE: TestEnvironmentManagement.com. (2019, November 12). Test environment management 10 essential practices. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.testenvironmentmanagement.com/test-environment-management-10-essentialpractices/#:~:text=A%20test%20environment%20is%20a,without%20any%20system%20sid e%20hurdles.

Question 56

A company wants to know how to better advertise to specific segments of customers, so it groups its customer data based on their incomes. This company is using the __________ method of data mining. A. decision tree C. neural networks B. clustering D.huddling

Answer 56

B Clustering. Clustering is a method of data mining that involves grouping data by similarities. If a company groups its customer data based on their incomes, it is using clustering. Clustering is not referred to as huddling. The decision tree model of data mining is organized like a tree, with ¡°branches¡± and ¡°leaves.¡± The neural network method of data mining is modeled after the brain’s neurological functions. SOURCE: NF:151 Demonstrate basic data mining techniques SOURCE: Crayon Data. (2015, April 1). What is clustering in data mining? Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://bigdata-madesimple.com/what-is-clustering-in-data-mining/

Question 57

A company switched to a new database, but only the IT professionals in charge of the change were aware of it until it had already occurred. The company failed to A. adapt to new technology. C. track changes in data. B. communicate data change. D. attend to industry trends.

Answer 57

B Communicate data change. When data changes, companies should communicate these changes to all people who are affected, including employees, customers, etc., not just those who are actively involved with the changes. There is no indication that the company has failed to adapt to new technology, track changes in data, or attend to industry trends. SOURCE: NF:264 Adhere to data change best practices SOURCE: Chow, C. (2019, July 29). 7 reasons internal communications is at the center of change management. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://learn.g2.com/internal-communications-inchange-management

Question 58

Which of the following is an example of an ethical issue related to the business’s operations function: A. An assistant supervisor changes the weekly production schedule. B. A salesperson gives a customer a price break on an obsolete item. C. A manager obtains shipping information from several transportation companies. D. An assistant buyer accepts a gift from a potential vendor.

Answer 58

D An assistant buyer accepts a gift from a potential vendor. Gift giving and receiving is often viewed as bribery. Many businesses implement policies that require their employees (e.g., assistant buyers) to refuse gifts from vendors. Because purchasing is an operations function, buyers and assistant buyers are often exposed to situations in which vendors present them with gifts to obtain business. Therefore, it is important for operations employees to understand the company’s policies about gift giving and receiving. A salesperson who gives a customer a price break on an obsolete item is engaged in a selling activity. This selling activity is unethical if the salesperson does not tell the customer that the product is obsolete. Obtaining shipping information from transportation companies and changing the weekly production schedule are ethical operations activities. SOURCE: OP:190 Discuss the role of ethics in operations SOURCE: Emerson, J. (2018). Corporate and government ethics: Accepting and giving gifts. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.beau-coup.com/articles/accepting-gifts-etiquette.htm

Question 59

The local government fined Lenny’s Grille because there were 75 more patrons in the facility at one time than legally permitted. In this situation, the business violated a A. traffic ordinance. C. maximum capacity code. B. federal property law. D. construction permit.

Answer 59

C Maximum capacity code. Maximum capacity codes exist to protect a business’s employees and customers from harm if an emergency (e.g., fire) occurs on the premises. If there are too many people in a facility that has only two exits, it becomes more difficult to get everyone out of the facility safely in emergencies. The maximum capacity for a business depends on the physical size and layout of the building, the number of exits in the building, and the jurisdiction’s requirements. The business did not violate a federal property law, traffic ordinance, or construction permit. SOURCE: OP:339 Discuss legal considerations in operations SOURCE: Bean-Mellinger, B. (2020, July 14). How to calculate the seating capacity of a restaurant. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/calculate-seating-capacityrestaurant-39808.html

Question 60

A company trained you for five days on how to run a high-speed printing press. Now you are working by yourself, but you have forgotten a step in the process although the machine seems to be operating correctly. What should you do? A. Ask for help. B. Stop the press. C. Skip that step. D. Continue working.

Answer 60

A Ask for help. Employees should ask questions if they are new on the job and don’t completely understand something. When it comes to safety, no question is a stupid one. Employees should not risk damaging an expensive piece of equipment when they are learning a new technique. Asking for help is always the best policy. Stopping the press, skipping that step, and continuing working will not help the employee determine what step in the process was forgotten. SOURCE: OP:007 Follow safety precautions SOURCE: Koenig, R. (2018, October 31). The right way to ask for help at work. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://money.usnews.com/careers/company-culture/articles/2018-10-31/theright-way-to-ask-for-help-at-work

Question 61

What type of security problem is most frightening to a business’s employees? A. Robbery C. Burglary B. Fraud D. Shoplifting

Answer 61

A Robbery. Robbery is theft that involves the use of force, violence, or fear. Employees are more at risk during a robbery than in any other kind of security situation. Burglary is any illegal entry into a building to commit a theft and is often committed after business hours when the building is empty. Shoplifting is theft of goods by customers. Fraud is deceiving or cheating an individual or a business out of money or property. SOURCE: OP:013 Explain routine security precautions SOURCE: Law.com (2020). Robbery. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://dictionary.law.com/Default.aspx?selected=1868

Question 62

How can you make sure your project plan is realistic and thorough? A. Use to-do lists. C. Create a budget. B. Identify project stakeholders. D.Obtain feedback from your team.

Answer 62

D Obtain feedback from your team. Your plan is not complete until you share it with your team. Your team members will make sure that your plan is realistic and thorough. Identifying project stakeholders, creating a budget, and using to-do lists will not necessarily make sure that your project plan is realistic and thorough. SOURCE: OP:519 Plan project SOURCE: LAP-OP-519?Plan On It! (Planning Projects)

Question 63

When is a project’s scope determined? A. Before the planning stage begins B. In the middle of the planning stage C. At the beginning of the planning stage D. At the end of the planning stage

Answer 63

C At the beginning of the planning stage. Determining a project’s purpose and scope is the first step of the project planning process. It should not be done in the middle or at the end of the project-planning process because the purpose and scope affect every other aspect of the project plan. Determining the scope is a part of the planning process, so it does not happen before the planning stage begins. SOURCE: OP:001 Develop project plan SOURCE: LAP-OP-001?Chart Your Course (Developing a Project Plan)

Question 64

A standard purchase order should include product specifications, quantities, prices, and what else? A. The invoice code C. Shipping requirements B. Location of buyer’s customer D. Credit references

Answer 64

C Shipping requirements. A regular or stock purchase order should include all of the necessary information for processing the request, which includes the appropriate quantities and prices of the desired goods. The purchase order should provide the shipping location at the desired time for delivery. In some situations, the buyer may also include the desired shipment method on the purchase order. For example, a business that orders a standard part to repair a piece of equipment may want the part shipped by air to ensure that it receives the part quickly. If the business does not indicate that it needs the item quickly, the vendor may ship it by rail or truck, which would take longer to deliver. Unless the order is a drop shipment, the vendor does not need to know the location of the buyer’s customer. The invoice is processed by the vendor rather than the buyer; therefore, the buyer would not provide an invoice code or number. The buyer might need to provide the supplier with credit references from their other vendors if company is placing an initial order; however, this information is not necessary to provide on regular purchase orders. In most cases, the buyer must complete a different form to list credit references. SOURCE: OP:250 Describe types of purchase orders SOURCE: Loi, K. (n.d.). All you ever need to know about purchase orders. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://blog.procurify.com/2013/09/23/all-you-ever-needed-to-know-about-purchaseorders/

Question 65

All-purpose flour is an important ingredient in a variety of baked goods. What type of inventory would allpurpose flour be for a bakery? A. Packing material B. Work in progress C. Finished good D. Raw material

Answer 65

D Raw material. Raw materials are the basic ¡°ingredients¡± of a finished product. In a bakery setting, flour is a raw material that can be used to make a variety of baked goods. Flour is not a sellable product in itself, so it is not considered a finished good. It is not used to package products, either, so it is not considered packing material. Flour is not a work in progress, because it is a basic ingredient in its raw, untouched format. SOURCE: OP:336 Discuss types of inventory SOURCE: eFinanceManagement.com. (2018, September 28). Types of inventory/stock. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://efinancemanagement.com/costing-terms/types-of-inventory-stock

Question 66

Which of the following is a non-price issue that a business might negotiate with a vendor when purchasing expensive, complex equipment: A. Post-sale service C. Volume reductions B. Payment terms D. Compensation

Answer 66

A Post-sale service. Businesses often negotiate terms that do not relate to price. Post-sale service issues for equipment might include installation, training, and free maintenance for a limited amount of time. Payment terms and (dollar) volume reductions are price-related issues. Compensation is wages or pay for work performed. SOURCE: OP:337 Negotiate terms with vendors in business SOURCE: Chen, J. (2020, June 21). After-sales service support. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/aftersales-support.asp

Question 67

The practices of not relying on inspection to achieve quality and lowering costs by working with just one supplier are part of which quality control technique? A. Continuous improvement B. Six Sigma C. Lean operations D. Total quality management

Answer 67

D Total quality management. TQM, the quality control technique created by W.E. Deming, consists of 14 points, two of which are listed in the question. Six Sigma is a system for reducing variation in processes using advanced statistical techniques. It seeks to reduce defect levels to 3.4 per million units produced or transactions processed. Lean operations is a series of mathematical and visual tools to streamline material and information flow. Continuous improvement is any ongoing effort to improve products, services, or processes. SOURCE: OP:163 Identify quality-control measures SOURCE: ASQ. (2020). Total quality management. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://www.asq.org/learn-about-quality/total-quality-management/overview/overview.html

Question 68

When combined, which costs equal all of the expenses incurred by a company? A. Salaries and rent C. Direct labor and materials B. Overhead and direct costs D.Products and services costs

Answer 68

B Overhead and direct costs. Overhead and direct costs make up the total expenses incurred by a company. Salaries and rent are only part of the costs that make up overhead costs. Direct labor and materials are part of direct costs. Products and services costs are otherwise known as direct costs, so they would only be a part of overall expenses. SOURCE: OP:024 Explain the nature of overhead/operating costs SOURCE: Bragg, S. (2018, December 15). Overhead definition. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.accountingtools.com/articles/what-is-overhead.html

Question 69

When a business analyst is finished working on a project, s/he should then A. attempt to understand the existing processes that are in place. B. determine the primary stakeholders related to the project. C. evaluate the effectiveness of the project’s solutions. D. clarify the project’s primary business objectives.

Answer 69

C Evaluate the effectiveness of the project’s solutions. Once a business analysis project has been completed, a business analyst should evaluate his/her work to determine whether the project had the intended outcomes or not. Determining the primary stakeholders related to the project, attempting to understand the existing processes that are in place, and clarifying the project’s business objectives are all steps of business analysis that should be completed before evaluating the project’s effectiveness. SOURCE: OP:327 Discuss the nature of business analysis SOURCE: Brandenburg, L. (2020). The business analysis process: 8 steps to being an effective business analyst. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://www.bridging-the-gap.com/businessanalysis-process/

Question 70

Before assigning a new project to her employees, Joanna establishes the steps that her staff needs to take to complete the project. Joanna is utilizing A. human resource planning. C. agile project management. B. business process thinking. D. change management.

Answer 70

B Business process thinking. Business process thinking is a method of thinking that emphasizes the importance of processes in business. Managers who use business process thinking would most likely establish the necessary steps to complete a project before assigning the project to staff. Human resource planning, agile project management, and change management are also important business practices, but they are not described in this example. SOURCE: OP:474 Discuss business process thinking and its impact SOURCE: Pitagorsky, G. (2020). The importance of process thinking. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.projecttimes.com/george-pitagorsky/the-importance-of-process-thinking.html

Question 71

A business process design should seek to achieve simplicity because complex designs A. require documentation. C. result in more errors. B. must be validated. D. cannot be automated.

Answer 71

C Result in more errors. The design of a process should be as simple as possible to avoid unnecessary steps which can cause more errors to occur. Each step in the process should be validated and documented regardless of its simplicity or complexity. Automation should be avoided unless it results in a more efficient process. While it’s unadvisable and difficult to automate a complex process, it is not impossible. SOURCE: OP:475 Describe the factors that influence business process design SOURCE: Oliveira, W. (2015, December 11). The nine principles of process design. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.heflo.com/blog/bpm/business-process-design-principles/

Question 72

Premiere Office Supplies used to make enough revenue through existing customer reorders, but lately, many customers have begun ordering from YourOffice, a new retailer. Therefore, Premiere Office Supplies had to change its sales process to increase revenue due to A. growth. C. technology. B. competition. D. regulation.

Answer 72

B Competition. Competition is one reason that businesses might need to change their processes. When YourOffice entered the market, Premiere Office Supplies had to change its sales process because it can no longer rely on its previous process (relying on reorders). While growth, technology, and regulation are also reasons that a business might need to change its processes, these reasons are not related to the given situation. SOURCE: OP:476 Explain the causes of business process changes SOURCE: Gleeson, P. (2019, February 12). Factors that may cause change in an organization. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/factors-may-cause-changeorganization-203.html

Question 73

Akua is in charge of supervising the entire process of getting products into the marketplace, otherwise known as the flow of goods. Akua’s job title is most likely A. chief financial officer. C. supply chain manager. B. line supervisor. D. inventory manager.

Answer 73

C Supply chain manager. A supply chain manager is in charge of supervising the entire process of getting goods into the marketplace, including coordinating with other companies and vendors. A line supervisor supervises a given team, or line, to ensure quality and productivity. A chief financial officer, or CFO, monitors all of a company’s funds and assets. An inventory manager supervises and controls the number of finished products a company has in stock. SOURCE: OP:443 Explain the concept of supply chain SOURCE: Hayes, A. (2020, July 1). Supply chain management (SCM). Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/scm.asp

Question 74

The use of technology in supply chain management often results in A. increased efficiency. C. decreased efficiency. B. improved budgeting. D. more human error.

Answer 74

A Increased efficiency. By reducing human error and improving overall performance, the use of technology in supply chain management often results in increased efficiency. The use of technology in supply chain management does not necessarily result in improved budgeting. Technology generally increases efficiency and reduces human error. SOURCE: OP:478 Describe the impact of technology on supply chain management SOURCE: Dupre Logistics. (2018, November 5). The impact of technology on supply chain management. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://duprelogistics.com/in-the-news/theimpact-of-technology-on-supply-chain-management

Question 75

Supply chain networks are often A. eliminated. B. redesigned. D. more human error. C. unimportant. D. unprofitable.

Answer 75

B Redesigned. Factors such as changing laws, new companies, companies going out of business, and material availability can cause companies to redesign their supply chain networks often. Supply chain networks should not be eliminated because they are not unimportant. A properly designed supply chain network should help a company become more profitable. SOURCE: OP:479 Describe supply chain networks SOURCE: River Logic. (2019, November 26). Supply chain network optimization: What you need to be successful. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.riverlogic.com/blog/supply-chainnetwork-optimization-what-you-need-to-be-successful

Question 76

One possible downside to choosing overseas suppliers is A. increased costs. C. a simpler supply chain. B. increased delivery times. D. increased taxes.

Answer 76

B Increased delivery times. Most companies want to reduce supply chain costs. Some of them may decide to use overseas suppliers, who often have lower prices and lower taxes. However, using an overseas supplier can often result in increased delivery time and a more complex supply chain. SOURCE: OP:480 Discuss global supply chain issues SOURCE: Roy, E. (2017, March 31). What are the biggest challenges of managing global supply chains? Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://www.tradeready.ca/2017/topics/supply-chainmanagement/biggest-challenges-managing-global-supply-chains/

Question 77

How can a company hold employees accountable for protecting digital assets? A. Background checks C. Project management software B. Encryption software D. An effective laptop security policy

Answer 77

D An effective laptop security policy. Employees should be held accountable for the digital assets housed on their computers. One way to achieve this is by requiring employees to sign a detailed and effective laptop security policy that provides employees with best practices to ensure laptop security. Encryption software is more likely to protect digital assets from outsiders and/or criminals rather than holding employees accountable. Project management software is not necessarily related to protecting digital assets. Background checks will not necessarily help hold employees accountable for protecting digital assets. SOURCE: OP:517 Comply with strategies for protecting business’ digital assets (e.g., website, social media, email, etc.) SOURCE: WinEncrypt. (n.d.). Protecting digital assets in the modern organization. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://www.winencrypt.com/downloads/resources/whitepapers/WinEncrypt_protecting_digital _assets.pdf

Question 78

As a specific outcome you intend to work toward, a goal is a(n) A. target. C. performance. B. skill. D. evaluation.

Answer 78

A Target. As a specific outcome you intend to work toward, a goal is a target?something you aim for. A goal is not a skill, though you may learn skills so you can reach your goal. A goal is not a performance, though you may perform certain actions to reach your goal. And, a goal is not an evaluation, though you may receive an evaluation on your performance if your goal is a performance goal. SOURCE: PD:018 Set personal goals SOURCE: LAP-PD-016?Go for the Goal (Goal Setting)

Question 79

Employees who have supervisory responsibilities for part or all of the business work in A. business information management. C. securities and investments. B. general management. D. merchandising.

Answer 79

B General management. Employees who have supervisory responsibility for part or all of the business work in general management. Careers in general management focus on planning, organizing, directing, and evaluating part or all of a business organization through the allocation and use of financial, human, and material resources. These employees do not work in business information management, securities and investments, or merchandising. Business information management employees help align business and IT goals. The securities and investments industry consists of brokerage firms, investment banks, and stock exchanges, all of which support the flow of funds from investors to companies and institutions. Merchandising careers involve marketing activities that are focused on efficient and effective product planning, selection, and buying for resale. SOURCE: PD:025 Explain employment opportunities in business SOURCE: LAP-PD-025?Go for It! (Careers in Business)

Question 80

Human resources management, operations management, and administrative services are all employment opportunities within A. secretarial and managerial services. C. human affairs and counseling services. B. financial and banking services management. D. business management and administration.

Answer 80

D Business management and administration. Human resources management, operations management, and administrative services are all subcategories within the cluster of business management and administration. Financial and banking services management, human affairs and counseling services, and secretarial and managerial services are not usually considered career clusters. SOURCE: PD:297 Discuss employment opportunities in business management and administration SOURCE: Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction. (n.d.). Business, management, and administration. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.k12.wa.us/studentsuccess/career-technical-education/career-technical-education-pathways/businessmanagement-and-administration

Question 81

Employers promote employees who have shown that they are reliable, trustworthy, and A. competent. C. interesting. B. dependent. D. aggressive.

Answer 81

A Competent. Employers want to promote employees who are willing to accept more responsibility, authority, and challenges. Employers tend to promote employees who have proven that they are reliable, trustworthy, and competent. A dependable employee consistently completes work on time. A trustworthy employee is honest and transparent. A competent employee demonstrates that s/he is capable of performing the necessary activities to complete the work. Employers tend to promote employees who are interdependent rather than dependent (needy). Employers may promote interesting employees, but it is not the most important quality for the employee to possess. Employers also promote assertive, rather than aggressive employees, because assertive employees respect their own rights as well as the rights of others. Aggressive people do not respect the rights of others. SOURCE: PD:035 Identify skills needed to enhance career progression SOURCE: Guthrie, S. (2014, May 26). Advisor: Eight traits that get you promoted. Retrieved September 1, 2020, from https://thenewdaily.com.au/finance/work/2014/05/26/top-10-personality-traitswill-get-promoted/

Question 82

Social media policies are especially important in today’s modern world because A. the Internet can only harm a company’s reputation. B. employees can’t be trusted with technology. C. negative comments can spread quickly online. D. companies rely on social media to communicate.

Answer 82

C Negative comments can spread quickly online. Social media policies are especially important in today’s ultra-connected world. One negative comment about a company on social media can spread like wildfire?harming the reputation of both the person who posted it and the company. It is not true that employees can’t be trusted with technology?many companies rely on employees’ use of technology to complete their work effectively and efficiently. While it is true that the Internet can potentially harm a company’s reputation, it can also be a useful tool for improving a company’s reputation and for spreading awareness of the company’s products or services. Companies do not generally rely solely on social media to communicate. SOURCE: PD:250 Adhere to company protocols and policies SOURCE: LAP-PD-250?Do You Follow? (Adhering to Company Protocols and Policies)

Question 83

Which of the following statements regarding the chain of command is true: A. It’s okay to ask for help from someone below you in the chain of command, rather than asking your boss. B. You should always report to the person with the most expertise on the topic you need help with. C. If you know your boss can¡¯t help you with something, you shouldn¡¯t bother asking him/her. D. It¡¯s typically inappropriate to report to anyone else in the chain of command besides your direct supervisor.

Answer 83

D It¡¯s typically inappropriate to report to anyone else in the chain of command besides your direct supervisor. There may be times when you feel like your boss isn¡¯t the best person to help you with a certain question or task. But even in situations like this, it¡¯s still best to ask your supervisor for guidance before going to someone else?even if s/he has more expertise or is below you in the chain of command. Most often, your boss will direct you to a more appropriate person if s/he truly cannot help you. SOURCE: PD:252 Follow chain of command SOURCE: LAP-PD-252?Don’t Cheat the Chain (Following Chain of Command)

Question 84

When Deidra was developing the statement of work (SOW) for a complex construction project, she included a statement that describes the things that the project will and won’t include. This statement is defining the project A. constraints. B. outcome. C. risks. D. scope.

Answer 84

D Scope. The statement of work (SOW) is a document that outlines the terms, commitments, and conditions of the project. It includes information about the project’s activities, timelines, and deliverables. The scope statement is a component of the SOW that clearly defines the things that the project will do, as well as the things it won’t do. The scope statement clarifies the boundaries of the project. The outcomes, risks, and constraints are issues discussed in other components of the SOW. SOURCE: PJ:005 Initiate project SOURCE: Monnappa, A. (2020, April 3). What is project scope management and why it’s important. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.simplilearn.com/project-scope-managementimportance-rar89-article

Question 85

Which of the following is a true statement about the work breakdown structure (WBS) in project management: A. The project manager should require team members to approve the WBS. B. The project scope remains the same after making changes to the WBS. C. Each work package should take between eight and 80 hours to complete. D. Team members develop the WBS dictionary after they carry out their work tasks.

Answer 85

C Each work package should take between eight and 80 hours to complete. The 8/80 rule for dividing project work packages states that no package should take less than eight hours or more than 80 hours to complete. This rule intends to keep work packages in manageable units?not too small or too large. Making changes to the WBS changes the project scope. The project manager may get input from others when developing the WBS, but s/he does not need to get team members’ approval. A WBS dictionary is a tool that helps inform project team members about the scope, status, milestones, and deliverables associated with each project activity. Team members do not develop the WBS dictionary after they carry out their work tasks. SOURCE: PJ:006 Prepare work breakdown structure (WBS) SOURCE: Mathis, M. (2020). Work breakdown structure: Purpose, process, and pitfalls. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/work-breakdown-structure-purpose-processpitfalls.html

Question 86

When executing a project, the project manager must often A. develop a project charter. C. form a steering committee. B. update the project plan. D. revise stakeholder requirements.

Answer 86

B Update the project plan. During the execution phase of the project, project team members carry out project tasks. During that time, the project manager is highly involved in controlling activities, such as monitoring the work effort. While monitoring the work effort, the project manager may detect problems. Sometimes, processes, tasks, and budgets need to be changed or corrected. Therefore, the project manager may need to update the project plan, when changes occur. The project manager develops the project charter during the initiation phase and if necessary, forms a steering committee during the projectdefinition phase. The project’s sponsors (stakeholders) would determine changes to their requirements and advise the project manager to implement the revisions. SOURCE: PJ:009 Execute and control projects SOURCE: Weedmark, D. (2019, August 23). Why a project plan is important. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://bizfluent.com/about-6404005-project-plan-important.html

Question 87

What should project managers do to ensure that team members will perform their designated tasks efficiently? A. Correct the team members’ mistakes for them B. Ask team members if they like their assignments C. Communicate their roles and responsibilities to them D. Provide a team evaluation form

Answer 87

C Communicate their roles and responsibilities to them. An important aspect of the project manager’s role is to communicate to team members their individual roles and responsibilities for executing the project. When team members understand what is expected of them, the project is more likely to run smoothly and achieve its goals. Providing evaluation forms, asking team members if they like their assignments, and correcting team members’ mistakes for them will not help the team members perform their work efficiently. SOURCE: PJ:007 Manage project team SOURCE: Project Perfect. (2020, July 17). Managing project team members. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://www.projectperfect.com.au/info_managing_project_team_members.php

Question 88

Which of the following pieces of information are included in the ¡°lessons-learned¡± document when closing a project: A. Statement of work, successes, and failures B. Costs, suggestions for improvement, and project charter C. Successes, failures, and suggestions for improvement D. Project charter, successes, and failures

Answer 88

C Successes, failures, and suggestions for improvement. During the project’s closing phase, the project manager, team, and stakeholders provide feedback for a ¡°lessons-learned¡± document. The ¡°lessonslearned¡± document summarizes the project’s successes and failures. The document also includes suggestions for improvement for similar projects in the future. Costs may be an issue addressed in the successes, failures, or suggestions for improvement areas of the document. Project managers develop the project charter and the statement of work during the initiation or beginning phase of the project. SOURCE: PJ:008 Close project SOURCE: Project Management Docs. (n.d.). Lessons learned. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://www.projectmanagementdocs.com/project-closing-templates/lessonslearned.html#axzz4eFPJgKvT

Question 89

An organization-wide system that businesses use to ensure that products meet quality standards is known as quality A. management. B. control. C. assurance. D. improvement.

Answer 89

C Assurance. Quality management is the ongoing process of planning, implementing, and integrating quality into every aspect of an organization. There are three main aspects of quality management? quality control, quality assurance, and quality improvement. Quality control is a process that measures products against predetermined standards after the products have already been created. Quality improvement involves an organization’s willingness to change and adapt for the purpose of maintaining quality. Finally, quality assurance is an organization-wide system that businesses use to ensure that products meet quality standards. SOURCE: QM:001 Explain the nature of quality management SOURCE: LAP-QM-001?Keep It Quality (Nature of Quality Management)

Question 90

Which of the following statements is true about the Six Sigma quality management framework: A. It can be effective without establishing incremental benchmarks. B. It focuses on increasing employee job satisfaction. C. It emphasizes lowering costs more than improving quality. D. It involves change throughout the entire organization

Answer 90

D It involves change throughout the entire organization. Six Sigma is an internationally recognized quality management framework that was developed by Motorola. Six Sigma focuses on continuously improving quality throughout an organization while lowering its costs at the same time. An important aspect of using the Six Sigma framework is continuously setting incremental goals and measuring their success against the established benchmarks. To implement and execute Six Sigma successfully, improvement efforts should involve input and action from employees at all levels of the organization. When all employees are involved in the process, they often feel as if they have control over their work, which can increase personal job-satisfaction levels. SOURCE: QM:002 Describe the nature of quality management frameworks (e.g., Six Sigma, ITIL, CMMI) SOURCE: Kumar, P. (2020, July 7). What is six sigma: A complete overview. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.simplilearn.com/what-is-six-sigma-a-complete-overview-article

Question 91

How do ethics relate to risk management? A. The best form of business ethics is risk management. B. Risk management is all about the ethical treatment of customers. C. Risk management is insurance for lapses in business ethics. D. The best form of risk management is adherence to business ethics.

Answer 91

D The best form of risk management is adherence to business ethics. Every breach of business ethics represents a potential risk for businesses. The best thing businesses can do to overcome most risks is to do the right thing?practice business ethics. Risk management includes the ethical treatment of customers as well as a variety of other factors. Insurance is one way to overcome business risks; however, risk management is much more than insurance. SOURCE: RM:041 Explain the role of ethics in risk management SOURCE: Disparte, D. (2016, November 8). Simple ethics rules for better risk management. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://hbr.org/2016/11/simple-ethics-rules-for-better-risk-management

Question 92

Using appropriate software to protect confidential data that are stored on a company’s computer systems is an important part of managing A. physical safety risks. B. natural disasters. C. security risks. D. environmental hazards.

Answer 92

C Security risks. Risk management is a business activity that involves planning, controlling, preventing, and establishing procedures to limit business losses. Businesses use technology to minimize security risks. One way that businesses control security risks is by installing firewalls on computer networks to prevent computer hackers from obtaining confidential financial data (e.g., customers’ credit card numbers). Natural disasters include occurrences such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and floods. Physical safety risks involve threats to a person’s well-being and may include environmental hazards such as air pollution and water toxins. SOURCE: RM:042 Describe the use of technology in risk management SOURCE: Smith, D. (2019, May 8). Managing security risks in the cloud. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://blog.radware.com/security/cloudsecurity/2019/05/managing-security-risks-in-thecloud/

Question 93

Which of the following is the type of action that a business is taking when it continuously monitors the laws that affect its operations for the purpose of minimizing risk: A. Preventative C. Reactive B. Corrective D. Remedial

Answer 93

A Preventative. Businesses must comply with a variety of government regulations. Because regulations often change, it is important for businesses to keep up with changes so they can implement appropriate action, if needed, to stay in compliance. Monitoring regulations is a preventative action because it is taking steps to prevent the negative consequences associated with noncompliance. If a business does not comply with regulations, it can be fined, or in some situations, closed down. In addition, noncompliance may result in a poor public image that lowers the business’s credibility with its customers. Corrective, reactive, and remedial actions are taken after issues or problems are identified. SOURCE: RM:043 Discuss legal considerations affecting risk management SOURCE: Old Dominion University. (2019, October 15). What is internal control? Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.odu.edu/about/compliance/internal-auditing/internalcontrols#:~:text=Detective%20controls%20are%20designed%20to,occurring%20in%20the% 20first%20place.

Question 94

Which of the following questions should effective managerial planning answer: A. How will we monitor the work effort? C. Did we accomplish our goals? B. Who will do the work? D. What do we want to do?

Answer 94

D What do we want to do? The management function of deciding what will be done and how it will be accomplished is planning. A primary aspect of the planning function is determining the goals or desired outcomes?determining what we want to do. All activities carried out in the other functions of management?organizing, staffing, controlling, and directing?depend on the answer(s) to the question, What do we want to do? Deciding who will do the work is a staffing activity. Measuring the success or achievement of goals is a controlling activity. Determining how to monitor the work effort is a directing activity. SOURCE: SM:063 Discuss the nature of managerial planning SOURCE: Juneja, P. (2020). Functions of management. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.managementstudyguide.com/management_functions.htm

Question 95

Success Unlimited Corporation has a detailed structure that determines job roles. Therefore, all employees know exactly what they are supposed to be doing and feel confident and satisfied in their positions. This is an example of how A. organizational structure leads to cooperation. B. it is important to know who is in charge. C. managerial organization leads to a sense of security. D. companies that grow quickly are more organized.

Answer 95

C Managerial organization leads to a sense of security. When a company is well organized, everyone has a clear idea about his/her job positions. They know exactly what they are supposed to do, which leads to confidence, security, and satisfaction. This example does not demonstrate the importance of knowing who is in charge. It is also not an example of how organizational structure leads to cooperation or how companies that grow quickly are more organized. SOURCE: SM:064 Explain managerial considerations in organizing SOURCE: Juneja, P. (2020). Importance of organizing function. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://www.managementstudyguide.com/organizing_importance.htm

Question 96

When a manager is directing, s/he is A. initiating action. B. setting goals. C. identifying resources. D. evaluating feedback.

Answer 96

A Initiating action. The directing function of management is the process of providing guidance to workers as they work. When a manager is directing, s/he is initiating action to get the work done. Setting goals occurs during the planning function. Identifying resources is part of the planning function. Evaluating feedback is a part of the control function. SOURCE: SM:066 Discuss managerial considerations in directing SOURCE: Juneja, P. (2020). Directing function of management. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from http://www.managementstudyguide.com/directing_function.htm

Question 97

A customer contacts a manager regarding a billing error. After confirming the discrepancy, the manager asks an employee to void the existing invoice and create a new invoice with the correct information. What type of control is the manager using in this situation? A. Feedforward B. Feedback C. Concurrent D. Coercive

Answer 97

B Feedback. Feedback control occurs after a business activity has been completed. In the situation described, the manager asks an employee to take action (make a correction) based on the feedback that s/he received from a customer. Feedforward is a form of control that bases and establishes procedures by predicting or anticipating activities and their outcomes. Concurrent control involves monitoring business activities as employees perform them. Coercive attitudes involve using aggressive behavior or bullying to get another person to do something. SOURCE: SM:004 Describe the nature of managerial control (control process, types of control, what is controlled) SOURCE: Cromwell, J. (2020). How feedback control impacts the four functions of management in your selected organization. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/feedback-control-impacts-four-functions-managementselected-organization37663.html#:~:text=Feedback%20control%20is%20a%20process%20that%20managers%20 can%20use%20to,to%20what%20was%20actually%20produced.

Question 98

Company executives decided to add a new product line to the company’s mix. The company would benefit from A. adjusting its budget. B. hiring new employees. C. change management. D. ethics training.

Answer 98

C Change management. Change management is a structured process used to ensure that changes are successfully made and have lasting impact. Change management would be beneficial to a company that is adding a new product line. There is no indication that the company needs to hire new employees, adjust its budget, or undergo ethics training. SOURCE: SM:095 Explain the nature of change management SOURCE: Prosci. (n.d.). What is change management and how does it work? Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.prosci.com/resources/articles/the-what-why-and-how-of-changemanagement

Question 99

Andy presents his idea for restructuring his company to the board of directors. In which stage of the change-management lifecycle is Andy? A. Review and authorize B. Identify need for change C. Implementation D. Close

Answer 99

A Review and authorize. After the need for a change has been identified, it must be reviewed and approved before it can move forward. Andy is allowing the board of directors to review and authorize the change he wants to implement. Andy has already identified the need for change, and he is not yet in the implementation or close phases of the change-management lifecycle. SOURCE: SM:096 Explain the change-management lifecycle SOURCE: Battaglino, J. (2018, December 27). Understanding the change management lifecycle model. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://www.cherwell.com/library/blog/understanding-thechange-management-lifecycle-model/

Question 100

A business that looks for ways to turn a risk into a strategic advantage would be considered an organization that is A. risk-tolerant. B. risk-seeking. C. risk-accepting. D. risk-averse.

Answer 100

B Risk-seeking. A business that looks for ways to turn a risk into a strategic advantage is actively seeking or taking a risk. A risk-tolerant or risk-accepting organization accepts necessary risks, but it does not actively seek risk. A risk-averse organization attempts to avoid risk as much as possible. SOURCE: SM:075 Explain the nature of risk management SOURCE: LAP-SM-075?Prepare for the Worst; Expect the Best (Nature of Risk Management)