2020 paper 1 Flashcards
why does the rate of photosynthesis decrease as temperature increase
enzymes denatured so active site changed shape
explain how human lungs are adapted for diffusion
the many alveoli provide a larger surface area
capillaries are only 1 cell thick and close to the alveoli which are also 1 cell thick so shorter distance for diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide
breathing in and out ensures oxygen is brought into the lungs and alveoli which maintains a concentration gradient, ensuring lungs are well-ventilated and oxygen can always diffuse into the blood
large capillary network also maintains a concentration gradient to remove oxygenated blood quickly and to bring carbon dioxide to the lungs quickly
what does 1 micro meter equal
0.001 m
so there is 1000 micro meters in a meter
describe lock and key model process
enzyme and substrate can bind together as the enzyme has a complementary shape to the substrate. the substrate was broken down to release products and in this case, the active site/enzyme didn’t change
Chemical reaction takes place
describe how to test for glucose
add benedicts reagent heat in water bath above 80 degrees
will go from blue to brick red
give 2 similarity between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
both have cell membrane and cytoplasm
explain why there is a low level of starch in a plant that has been in a dark room for 2 days
starch was converted into glucose so it could be used for respiration to release energy as no glucose was being produced by photosynthesis as there was no light
other than lack of nitrate ions and magnesium ions, state another way of stunted growth and yellowing leaves
infection of a pathogen eg: tobacco mosaic virus or rose black spot - not enough glucose for respiration to take place so less energy released
how does bacteria benifit from being on a plant
it obtains glucose for respiration
what is needed to make amino acids
nitrate ions
glucose ions
give a limiting factor of any investigation
people can lie
what does the liver do with lactic acid
converts it into glucose
if lactic acid builds up it is toxic
how can fluorescent dye be viewed when it binds with a monoclonal antibody
with a microscope OR uv light
describe a clinical trial
mcm
