2019 Flashcards
causes of congestive heart disease/failure
hypertension
coronary artery disease
high BMI
cardiomyopathy
diabetes
symptoms of congestive heart disease/ failure
fatigue and weakness
shortness of breath during activity or when lying down
rapid or irregular heartbeat
treatment of congestive heart failure
ACE inhibitors
beta blockers
ca channel blockers
diuretics
drugs for heart disease
Ace inhibitors
Beta blockers
Ca channel blockers
Diuretics
ABCD’s
factors making biofilms antibiotic resistance
efflux pumps
polymicrobial
production of glycocalyx
3 causes of cirrhosis
non alcoholic fatty liver disease alcoholic liver disease
chronic hepatitis B or C
why thrombocytopenia in liver cirrhosis
liver produces hormone thrombopoietin which regulates platelet production in bone marrow
liver disease sees decreased production therefore less platelets i.e thrombocytopenia
cirrhosis sees splenomegaly which sees increased destruction of platelets
PPE for blood spillage
apron and gloves
no need for visor as no risk of splashing
purpose of soft liners on a denture
alleviate trauma assosciated with complete denture - provide a soft cushion that is moulded to the shape of the ridge
material types of soft liners
acrylic
silicone
disadvantages to soft liners
higher risk of candida infection
silicones prone to debond from denture base
consequences of a child in a domestic abuse home - at the time
feelings of guilt
low self esteem
sleeping issues and nightmares
anxiety and depression
consequences of adverse childhood events later in life
medical problems e.g cardiovascular disease, diabetes
binge drinking
violent behaviour
consequences of severe dental disease/ dental neglect
risks assosciated with GA
repeated exposure to antibiotics
repeated infections
bullying due to appearance
circumoral muscle
orbicularis oris
dental features that may be seen in a patient with incompetent lips
proclined upper incisors
lip trap
long face type - increased FMPA
increased overjet
mouth breathing - increased caries risk
strap lower lip
hyperactive lower lip
may result in retroclined lower incisors in patients with incompetent lips
physiology of digit sucking effect on teeth
positioning of the thumb exerts prolonged forces on maxillary and mandibular teeth in such a way that over a long period it may result in proclination and retroclination.
sucking action caused by the cheeks narrows the maxillary dentition and causes a posterior crossbite
effects on dentition from a digit sucking habit
proclined upper incisors
retroclined lower incisors
anterior open bite
unilateral posterior crossbite due to narrowed maxillary arch
four radiographic signs of non vitality
canal obliteration
periapical radiolucency
internal infection related inflammatory root resorption
external infection related inflammatory root resorption
definition of dependence
relying on and being controlled by - involves both physiological and psychological effects
risks of Ga in elderly
increased risk of neuro-degenerative disorders
increased risk of dementia
term for maintaining communication between pulpal space and periradicular tissues
patency
two intra operative radiographs for endodontics
master cone radiograph
corrected working length radiograph
main aim of periodontal surgery
eliminate pockets
why do non surgical perio prior to perio surgery
sufficient in majority of cases
creates good foundations
where are the condyles in retruded axis position
most superior anterior position of condyles in mandibular fossa
function of each stage of WD
flush / pre wash - remove gross contamination
wash - supplemented by detergent to remove further biological matter
rinse - remove residual detergent
thermal disinfection - kills microorganisms
dry - removes moisture
why digital over radiography
no chemical processing,
easy storage,
easily integrated onto digital pt records
can be manipulated
what might happen after referral to child protection advisor
(not dental neglect)
child protection advisor does further investigating and gets back to you
child protection advisor recommends referral to social services
who should you discuss suspected child abuse with
(not dental neglect)
child protection advisor
when would you use metronizadole and what dose
necrotizing periodontal conditions
400mg 3x 3 days
