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JinK's chunk expressions > 201-300 > Flashcards

201-300 Flashcards

1
Q

Dysentery is an infection in a person’s intestines that causes them to pass a lot of waste, in which blood and mucus are mixed with the person’s faeces.

A

赤痢

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2
Q

The regime was the very incarnation of evil. [+ of]

She is a perfect incarnation of glamour.

A

If you say that someone is the incarnation of a particular quality, you mean that they represent that quality or are typical of it in an extreme form.

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3
Q

…the demise of the reform movement.

Smoking, rather than genetics, was the cause of his early demise.

A

The demise of something or someone is their end or death.

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4
Q

I’m dreading Christmas this year. [VERB noun/verb-ing]
I dreaded coming back, to be honest. [VERB noun/-ing]
I suffer badly from cold sores and dread them appearing on my wedding day. [V n -ing]
I’d been dreading that the birth would take a long time. [VERB that]

A

If you dread something which may happen, you feel very anxious and unhappy about it because you think it will be unpleasant or upsetting.

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5
Q

Advertisements attempt to project a latent meaning behind an overt message.

A

Latent is used to describe something which is hidden and not obvious at the moment, but which may develop further in the future.

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6
Q

‘What if they gave a war and nobody came?’ was one of his generation’s favored aphorisms.

A

An aphorism is a short witty sentence which expresses a general truth or comment.

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7
Q

The terrain changed quickly from arable land to desert.

…a tortuous eight-hour coach ride around 1,200 bends of rough terrain.

A

Terrain is used to refer to an area of land or a type of land when you are considering its physical features.

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8
Q

She dismisses the reform process as an exercise in collective navel gazing.

A

If you refer to an activity as navel-gazing, you are critical of it because people are thinking about something for a long time but take no action on it.

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9
Q

He sat down, straddling the chair. [VERB noun]

A

If you straddle something, you put or have one leg on either s

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10
Q

The company’s closure has left many small businessmen in desperate financial straits.
If we had a child, we’d be in really dire straits.

A

to be in a position of acute difficulty

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11
Q

pore over

A

熟読する

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12
Q

…the demise of the reform movement.

Smoking, rather than genetics, was the cause of his early demise.

A

The demise of something or someone is their end or death.

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13
Q

This may well be an apocryphal story.

There is a story, probably apocryphal, about a British motorcyclist on holiday in America.

A

An apocryphal story is one which is probably not true or did not happen, but which may give a true picture of someone or something.

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14
Q

Shaw took me to his rather dingy office.

A

A dingy building or place is rather dark and depressing, and perhaps dirty.

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15
Q

The decor is simple–black lacquer panels on white walls.

A

The decor of a house or room is its style of furnishing and decoration.

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16
Q

His indefatigable spirit helped him to cope with his illness.
He was indefatigable in his efforts to secure funding for new projects.

A

You use indefatigable to describe someone who never gets tired of doing something.

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17
Q

When the client was murdered, his wife took the rap, but did she really do it?
take the blame, be blamed, be punished, suffer the consequences, pay for something

A

If you take the rap, you are blamed or punished for something, especially something that is not your fault or for which other people are equally guilty.

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18
Q

He often appeared angry and frustrated by the intransigence of both sides. [+ of]

A

If you talk about someone’s intransigence, you mean that they refuse to behave differently or to change their attitude to something.

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19
Q

She feels a shiver creep up her spine.

A

背筋がぞくっとする

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20
Q

Michael Fish is my favourite. He’s a hoot, a real character.

A

If you say that someone or something is a hoot, you think they are very amusing.

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21
Q

He began to talk in his most gentle and avuncular manner.

A

An avuncular man or a man with avuncular behaviour is friendly and helpful towards someone younger.

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22
Q

…the ebullient Russian President.

A

If you describe someone as ebullient, you mean that they are lively and full of enthusiasm or excitement about something.

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23
Q

docket

A
  1. a summary, as of a legal proceeding, or a list of legal decisions
  2. US
    a list of cases to be tried by a law court
  3. any list or summary of things to be done; agenda
  4. a label listing the contents of a package, directions, etc.
    verb transitive
  5. US
    to enter in a docket
  6. to put a docket, or label, on; ticket
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24
Q

The wound is festering, and gangrene has set in. [VERB]

Many of the children are afflicted by festering sores. [VERB-ing]

A

If a wound festers, it becomes infected, making it worse. 化膿

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25
His music is sheer delight. Sheer chance quite often plays an important part in sparking off an idea. ...acts of sheer desperation.
You can use sheer to emphasize that a state or situation is complete and does not involve or is not mixed with anything else.
26
There was a dicey moment as one of our party made a risky climb up the cliff wall.
Something that is dicey is slightly dangerous or uncertain.
27
he numbers don't jibe. [VERB] | How did your expectations jibe with the reality? [VERB + with]
If numbers, statements, or events jibe, they are exactly the same as each other or they are consistent with each other.
28
When the rubber meets the road,
肝心な時に
29
Rolodex
a desktop file in the form of a rotating device or a shallow tray, in which cards containing names, addresses, etc. are held securely in place for ready reference
30
...a company car, private medical insurance and other perks. | One of the perks of being a student is cheap travel.
Perks are special benefits that are given to people who have a particular job or belong to a particular group.
31
The overall ambience of the room is cosy. [+ of]
The ambience of a place is the character and atmosphere that it seems to have.
32
He stowed away on a ferry and landed in North Shields. [VERB PARTICLE]
If someone stows away, they hide in a ship, aeroplane, or other vehicle in order to make a journey secretly or without paying.
33
Their decision to do nothing makes them culpable. | ...manslaughter resulting from culpable negligence.
If someone or their conduct is culpable, they are responsible for something wrong or bad that has happened.
34
Today his company continues to thrive. [VERB] Lavender thrives in poor soil. [VERB] ...the river's thriving population of kingfishers. [VERB-ing]
If someone or something thrives, they do well and are successful, healthy, or strong.
35
Pollard continues to languish in prison. [VERB preposition/adverb] No one knows for certain how many refugees wander the world today, or languish in camps without a permanent place of settlement. [VERB preposition/adverb]
If someone languishes somewhere, they are forced to remain and suffer in an unpleasant situation.
36
The barb stung her exactly the way he hoped it would.
A barb is an unkind remark meant as a criticism of someone or something.
37
White House officials ordered Williams to recant. [VERB] | ...a man who had refused after torture to recant his heresy. [VERB noun]
If you recant, you say publicly that you no longer hold a set of beliefs that you had in the past.
38
...a long, hot and arduous journey. | The task was more arduous than he had calculated.
Something that is arduous is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of effort.
39
London has 9 miles of such subterranean passages.
A subterranean river or tunnel is under the ground.
40
...mistakes arising from ignorance of the nomenclature of woody plants. [+ of] ...the internationally agreed rules of chemical nomenclature.
The nomenclature of a particular set of things is the system of naming those things.
41
captive
A captive is an insurance company set up by a commercial company to write the parent company's own insurances and obtain access to the reinsurance market.
42
The ruling party think they can ride out the political storm. [VERB PARTICLE noun] He has to just ride this out and hope that it turns in his favor. [VERB noun PARTICLE]
If someone rides out a storm or a crisis, they manage to survive a difficult period without suffering serious harm.
43
Both mushrooms look innocuous but are in fact deadly. | Even seemingly innocuous words are offensive in certain contexts.
Something that is innocuous is not at all harmful or offensive.
44
...a far-flung network of conspirators.
If you describe something such as organization or system as far-flung, you mean that it extends over a very large area.
45
a fledgling nonprofit group
できたばかりの
46
It would be perverse to stop this healthy trend. Psychotherapists often take a perverse delight in criticizing other psychotherapists. In some perverse way the ill-matched partners do actually need each other.
Someone who is perverse deliberately does things that are unreasonable or that result in harm for themselves. つむじ曲がりの、ひねくれた
47
At this time she decided to become a Christian and was baptised. [be VERB-ed] I think your mother was baptized a Catholic.
When someone is baptized, water is put on their heads or they are covered with water as a sign that their sins have been forgiven and that they have become a member of the Christian Church. Compare christen.
48
A jalopy
ポンコツ車
49
Can I cadge a cigarette? [VERB noun] | He could cadge a ride from somebody. [V n + from/off]
If someone cadges food, money, or help from you, they ask you for it and succeed in getting it.
50
This difference in approach has led to several political skirmishes.
A skirmish is a short, sharp argument.
51
...a poignant combination of beautiful surroundings and tragic history. ...a poignant love story. Harry thought the sight of her was inexpressibly poignant.
Something that is poignant affects you deeply and makes you feel sadness or regret.
52
an eye roll
An eye roll is one of the most common forms of non-verbal communication. Someone says something sarcastic or does something annoying, and you just can't help yourself - you have to roll your eyes.
53
These kids are being exploited by very unscrupulous people. | ...the unscrupulous use of hostages.
If you describe a person as unscrupulous, you are critical of the fact that they are prepared to act in a dishonest or immoral way in order to get what they want.
54
We must practice the strictest frugality and economy.
People who are frugal or who live frugal lives do not eat much or spend much money on themselves.
55
Granny was astounded and a little piqued, I think, because it had all been arranged without her knowledge. She wrinkled her nose, piqued by his total lack of enthusiasm. [+ by]
If someone is piqued, they are offended or annoyed, often by something that is not very important.
56
I ushered him into the office. [VERB noun preposition/adverb] They were quickly ushered away. [VERB noun preposition/adverb]
If you usher someone somewhere, you show them where they should go, often by going with them.
57
The Prime Minister was steadily emboldened by the discovery that he faced no opposition. [be VERB-ed] Four days of non-stop demonstrations have emboldened the anti-government protesters. [VERB noun]
If you are emboldened by something, it makes you feel confident enough to behave in a particular way.
58
I never overcame a visceral antipathy for the monarchy. | ...the sheer visceral joy of being alive.
Visceral feelings are feelings that you feel very deeply and find it difficult to control or ignore, and that are not the result of thought.
59
The muse
the spirit that is thought to inspire a poet or other artist; source of genius or inspiration 智の女神
60
I am sitting on the cusp of middle age. [+ of] | Mr Short's behaviour is only on the cusp of acceptability.
If you say that someone or something is on the cusp, you mean they are between two states, or are about to be in a particular state.
61
Nonetheless, she remained unfazed by her lifestyle.
not disconcerted; unperturbed
62
...an exuberant young girl who decided to become a screen actress.
If you are exuberant, you are full of energy, excitement, and cheerfulness.
63
a sly sense of humor
If you describe someone as sly, you disapprove of them because they keep their feelings or intentions hidden and are clever at deceiving people. [disapproval] She is devious and sly and manipulative. He's a sly old beggar if ever there was one.
64
This was the first (and last) time that I dared to defy my mother. [VERB noun] Nearly eleven-thousand people have been arrested for defying the ban on street trading. [VERB noun]
If you defy someone or something that is trying to make you behave in a particular way, you refuse to obey them and behave in that way.
65
Their arrest was the culmination of an operation in which 120 other people were detained. [+ of]
Something, especially something important, that is the culmination of an activity, process, or series of events happens at the end of it. 頂点、絶頂
66
who didn't fit the mold
型にはまらない
67
...her curmudgeonly cynic of a boss. | He displayed a curmudgeonly unwillingness to accept the voters' verdict.
If you describe someone as curmudgeonly, you do not like them because they are mean or bad-tempered.
68
An abbot is the monk who is in charge of the other monks in a monastery or abbey.
大修道院長
69
Michaelangelo's first commission was a swindle.
If someone swindles a person or an organization, they deceive them in order to get something valuable from them, especially money.
70
The ruse worked.
A ruse is an action or plan which is intended to deceive someone.
71
even more surprising than the forgery itself
Forgery is the crime of forging money, documents, or paintings.
72
She began to wonder whether she wouldn't go mad with the tedium of the job. [+ of]
If you talk about the tedium of a job, task, or situation, you think it is boring and rather frustrating.
73
He openly accused his opponents of cowardice.
Cowardice is cowardly behaviour.
74
My girlfriend Lynn and I eloped. [VERB] | In 1912 he eloped with Frieda von Richthofen. [VERB + with]
He openly accused his opponents of cowardice.
75
It transpired that Paolo had left his driving licence at home. [VERB that] As it transpired, the Labour government did not dare go against the pressures exerted by the City. [VERB]
When it transpires that something is the case, people discover that it is the case.
76
The two bands join forces for a gig at the Sheffield Arena on November 28. He supplemented his income with occasional comedy gigs.
A gig is a live performance by someone such as a musician or a comedian.
77
The group has been notoriously fickle in the past.
If you describe someone as fickle, you disapprove of them because they keep changing their mind about what they like or want.
78
...the deflection of light as it passes through the slits in the grating.
The deflection of something means making it change direction.
79
...ambient sounds of children in the background.
Ambient sound or light is the sound or light which is all around you.
80
..50 years after his ascension to the Cambodian throne. [+ to]
The ascension of a person to a high rank or important position is the act of reaching this position.
81
...a stylish woman with a penchant for dark glasses. [+ for] | He had a penchant for playing jokes on people.
If someone has a penchant for something, they have a special liking for it or a tendency to do it.
82
Normal life is at a standstill, and the economy is faltering. [VERB] The car was out of sight around a bend in moments, but the engine did not falter or slow down. [VERB] A faltering economy and a recent wave of labour unrest have affected the ne
If something falters, it loses power or strength in an uneven way, or no longer makes much progress.
83
Jerusalem is Christianity's most venerated place.
held in deep respect; revered
84
Your sternum is the long flat bone which goes from your throat to the bottom of your ribs and to which your ribs are attached.
胸骨
85
His report was scathing about Loyalist and Republican terror groups. [+ about] He then launched a scathing attack on previous leaders.
If you say that someone is being scathing about something, you mean that they are being very critical of it.
86
The notions we children were able to form of the great world beyond were exceedingly nebulous. Music is such a nebulous thing.
If you describe something as nebulous, you mean that it is vague and not clearly defined or not easy to describe.
87
He used his broad executive powers to nullify decisions by local governments. [VERB noun] It is worth remembering that previous wills are nullified automatically upon marriage. [be VERB-ed]
To nullify a legal decision or procedure means to declare that it is not legally valid.
88
He is returning to this country after a five-year stint in Hong Kong.
A stint is a period of time which you spend doing a particular job or activity or working in a particular place.
89
..an assiduous student. | Podulski had been assiduous in learning his adopted language.
Someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly.
90
Most guests make at least one foray into the town. [+ into/to] A foray to your supermarket will supply all the ready-made foods for an excellent picnic.
You can refer to a short journey that you make as a foray if it seems to involve excitement or risk, for example because it is to an unfamiliar place or because you are looking for a particular thing.
91
neoteny
幼生生殖 1. the retention of juvenile characteristics in the adult 2. the development of adult features in the juvenile, as the attainment of sexual maturity in some larvae; paedogenesis
92
Any lingering feelings of smugness
If you say that someone is smug, you are criticizing the fact they seem very pleased with how good, clever, or lucky they are.
93
He had whittled eight interviewees down to two. [VERB noun PARTICLE + to] By September, they will have whittled the list down to a winner. [V n P to/from num/n]
To whittle down a group or thing means to gradually make it smaller.
94
Richard Brome, an acolyte of Ben Jonson's, wrote 'The Jovial Crew' in 1641. To his acolytes, he is known simply as 'the Boss'.
An acolyte is a follower or assistant of an important person. 侍者、ミサ答え、ミサ仕え、アコライト、祭壇奉仕者◆ミサや礼拝で司祭を補助する役割で信徒が行う。
95
The President wants to squelch any perception that the meeting is an attempt to negotiate.
f you squelch something that is causing you trouble, for example rumours or opposition, you firmly put a stop to it.
96
The warmth of the room and the monotony of the speaker's voice grew soporific. ...the soporific effect of the alcohol.
Something that is soporific makes you feel sleepy.
97
He felt too miserable and lethargic to get dressed.
If you are lethargic, you do not have much energy or enthusiasm.
98
Working under Bas ' tutelage had been like getting a graduate degree in business.
If one person, group, or country does something under the tutelage of another, they do it while they are being taught or guided by them.
99
He acted the part with consummate skill. | Those familiar with Sanders call him a consummate politician.
You use consummate to describe someone who is extremely skilful.
100
...the most illustrious scientists of the century. | ...his long and illustrious career.
If you describe someone as an illustrious person, you mean that they are extremely well known because they have a high position in society or they have done something impressive.

JinK's chunk expressions (6 decks)

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