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Derm Andrews > 20- Parasitic Infections > Flashcards

20- Parasitic Infections Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

May be the sole manifestation of early amebiasis

A

Chronic urticaria

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2
Q

Treatment of choice for amebiasis cutis

A

Metronidazole 750mg TID x 10 days

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3
Q

Common cause of vaginal pruritus with burning and frothy leukorrhea

Vaginal mucosa is bright red with pseudomembranous patches

A

Trichomoniasis

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4
Q

Treatment of trichomoniasis

A

Metronidazole 2g single dose

Or 500mg BID x 7 days

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5
Q

Treatment for trichomoniasis in pregnant women

A

Clotrimazole 100mg intravaginally per night x 2 weeks

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6
Q

Treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis

A

Spontaneous healing in 12-18 months

Topical: paromomycin sulfate 15% + methylbenzethonium chloride 12%
Ketoconazole cream
Cryotherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser

Systemic: immunosuppressed
Sodium antimony gluconate IM/IV 20mg/kg/day in 2 doses x 28 days

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7
Q

Cutaneous ulcer
Transmitted by sandfly
Endemic in Asia minor and Mediterranean

A

Cutaneous leishmaniasis

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8
Q

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis has an initial cutaneous ulcer and develops a secondary mucosal lesions after how much time?

A

Within 5 years

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9
Q

Earliest mucosal lesion in mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

A

Hyperemia of nasal septum with subsequent ulceration

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10
Q

Antimony resistance is common in this type of leishmaniasis

A

Mucocutaneous

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11
Q

Treatment for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

A

Combination therapy:
Antimonials with rifampin/azithromycin

Amphotericin B

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12
Q

Primary target site of leishmanial parasites in visceral leishmaniasis is

A

Reticuloendothelial system

-spleen, liver, bone marrow and lymph nodes

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13
Q

Treatment for visceral leishmaniasis

A

Pentavalent antimony

Amphotericin B- resistant cases

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14
Q

Evanescent erythema, erythema multiforme and edema (angioedema) are the early skin manifestations observed in

A

Trypanosomiasis

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15
Q

Treatment of East African (Rhodesian) trypanosomiasis

No CNS involvement:
With CNS involvement:

A

No CNS involvement: suramin

With CNS involvement: melasoprol

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16
Q

Treatment for West African (Gambian) trypanosomiasis

A

Pentamidine isethionate

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17
Q

Treatment for American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease)

A

Nifurtimox

Benznidazole

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18
Q

Treatment of toxoplasmosis

A

Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine

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19
Q

Organisms enter a snail
Swimming
Attack by burrowing into skin
Transient erythematous reaction then recur after 10-15 hrs

A 
Swimmers itch
Cercarial dermatitis (schistosome)
20
Q

Mild itching and papular dermatitis of feet

Urinary bladder/ intestinal inhabitation of the organisms

Fever, chills, pneumonitis, eosinophilia, petechiae, malaise, abdominal crsmps, arthritis, liver spleen involvement

A

Visceral schistosomiasis

21
Q

Treatment of schistosomiasis

A

Praziquantel 40mg/kg/day in 2 doses for 1 day

S. japonicum- 60mg/kg in 3 doses for 1 day

22
Q

Painless nodules in subcutaneous tissues

Organisms may enter general circulation and form cysts in striated muscles

A

Cysticercosis ( T.solium)

23
Q

Treatment for cysticercosis

A

Albendazole

Praziquantel

24
Q

Also known as hydatid disease
From ova-contaminated feces from an infected dog

Infestation of liver and lungs

Eosinophilia, intractable urticaria and pruritus

A

Echinococcosis

25
Q

Treatment of echinococcosis

A

Echinococcus granulosus- albendazole + percutaneous drainage

Hymenolepis nana- praziquantel

26
Q

Chief symptom of pinworm infestation

A

Nocturnal pruritus ani

27
Q

Treatment of enterobiasis

A

Albendazole 400mg
Mebendazole 100mg
Pyrantel pamoate 11mg/kg (max 1g)

Given once and repeated in 2 weeks

28
Q

Erythematous macules and papules that turn into vesicles

Occurs in toe webs, soles and ankles

Iron deficiency anemia, skin becomes dry and pale or yellowish

Carried into circulation to the lungs—pharynx—swallowed into the small intenstine

A

Hookworm (ancylostoma, necator)

29
Q

Treatment for hookworm disease

A

Albendazole 400mg single dose
Mebendazole 100mg BID x 3 days or 500mg single dose
Pyrantel pamoate 11mg/kg (max 1g) OD x 3 days

Prevention of contamination of soil

30
Q

Term applied to twisting linear skin lesions produced by the burrowing of larvae

A

Creeping eruption (larva migrans)

31
Q

Treatment for larva migrans

A

Ivermectin single 12mg dose and repeated the next day

Albendazole 400mg/day x 3 days

32
Q

Also called perianal larva migrans syndrome

Caused by stongyloides stercoralis

A

Larva currens

33
Q

Treatment for larva currens

A

Ivermectin

Thiabendazole

34
Q

Lymphedema, hypertrophy of skin and subcutaneous tissues

Enlargement and deformity of affected parts

Recurrent attacks of acute lymphangitis with chills and fever

A

Elephantiasis (filariasis)

35
Q

Treatment for filariasis

A

Diethylcarbamazine x 14 days

36
Q

Usually asymptomatic, appearance of symptoms may be after 1 year

Transmitted by mango fly
Worm under conjunctiva, calabar swelling, eosinophilia and microfilariae in peripheral blood

A

Loiasis (loa loa)

37
Q

This sign in loiasis is usually the first one observed

Painful localized subcutaneous nonpitting edema

A

Calabar swelling

38
Q

Treatment for loiasis

A

Diethylcarbamazine

39
Q

Itchy papular dermatitis localized to one extremity, may become chronic

Transmitted by black fly
After a time, subcutaneous nodules develop that are painful

A

Onchocerciasis

40
Q

Treatment for onchocerciasis

A

Ivermectin

41
Q

Inflict series of bites in a row

“Breakfast, lunch and dinner “

A

Cimicosis (bed bug bites)

42
Q

Treatment for cimicosis (bed bug bites)

A

Permethrin impregnated bednets

Ivermectin 200ug/kg

43
Q

Treatment for pediculosis

A

Permethrin
Nit combing
Launder clothing 65C for 30 mins drying

44
Q

Pruritic papular lesions, excoriations and burrows

Favors finger webs wrists axillar umbilicus lowe abdomen genitals buttockss

Dull red nodules may appear during active period in scrotum penis or vulva

A

Scabies

45
Q

Axillae, elbow, flexures, wrists and hands and crotch are mostly affected in scabies and is collectively called

A

Circle of Hebra

46
Q

Treatment for scabies

A

Permethrin 5% cream
Benzyl benzoate and 10% precipitated sulfur in white petrolatum

Thoroughly rubbed and washed off 8-10h later

Derm Andrews (25 decks)

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