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CLASS 102 > 20: Odyssey > Flashcards

20: Odyssey Flashcards

1
Q

Story of homecoming of Odysseus. Where was his home island? Son and wife?

A
  • 10 years fighting at Troy
    -named Wily Odysseus
    -Polytropos: ‘of many twists and turns’
  • 10 years to return home
    -Nostos (Pl. Nostoi): homecoming
    -Poseidon as the nemesis and Athena as the protector
  • Ithaca is the home island
  • His wife is Penelope and son is Telemachus
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2
Q

“A Complicated Man”

A

quote on how he wrecked town of troy and tried to bring his men back home and failed. They ate the Sun god’s cattle

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3
Q

Odysseus and Calypso (and meaning of her name)

A
  • sea nymph calypso (meaning concealer) keeps Odysseus prisoner on Ogygia for 7 years
  • zeus sends hermes to get her to release him

Calypso + Ogygia prisoner

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4
Q

The Cicones and Lotus Eaters

A
  1. Cicones: Odysseus and companions arrive at Ismarus, the home of the Cicones
    * City is sacked but Maron, priest of Apollo, was spared and he gives them 12 amphorae of wine
  2. Lotus Eaters: Odysseus driven off course to land of Lotus Eaters
    * one taste of fruit is blissful oblivion and only desire is to ear more lotus fruit
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5
Q

Odysseus and Polyphemus (who?)

A
  • Polyphemus is the son of Poseidon and one eyed giant
  • He kills and eats Odysseus’ men
  • Odysseus gets him drunk on Maron’s wine and tells him his name is ‘nobody’
  • he blinds polyphemus
  • they escape tied beneath giant’s sheep
  • polyphemus curses odysseus

POlyphemus cannibal

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6
Q

Odysseus and Aeolus (who)

A
  • aeolus is the keeper of winds
  • he gives odysseus a bag containing all winds and one will blow him home safely
  • within view of ithaca odysseus falls asleep. His men open up the bag and winds blow them back to Aeolus’ island

Aeolus winds

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7
Q

where are the cannibals located

A
  • Land of the Laestrygonians
  • cannibals that kill and devour almost all, only Odysseus and crew escape
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8
Q

encounter with a sorceress

A
  • circe the sorceress
  • daughter of helius
  • lives on island of Aeaea
  • circe welcomes odysseus’ men on the island but he stays behind with ships
  • his men are transofrmed into swine
  • hermes gives odysseus the antidote: Moly
  • odysseus immune to circe’s magic
  • circe makes love to odysseus and changes men back into human form
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9
Q

Odysseus journey in book if the dead and from which book

A
  • homer’s odyssey book 11, known as the book of the dead
  • Nekuia: rite by which spirits summoned
  • Odysseus’ Katabasis: sent by circe to learn how to get home. Consulted spirit of tiresias (seer)
  • Seer’s response: to return home alone and must face suitors trying to marry Penelope
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10
Q

Sirens’ song

A
  • Sirens: women who lure sailors onto rocks
  • In Homer: human form
  • In popular tradition: human heads and avian bodies
  • odysseus eager to hear song
  • he is tied to mast and crews’ ears stoppped with wax
  • crew sail on unharmed but odysseus cries out for them to heed song
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11
Q

Odyssean self control and examples

A
  • Odyssean/Ulyssean Constraints
  • Named in honor him. Present self handicaps future self
  • thomas schelling: choice and consequence book
  • ex: toss out cookies when full and avoid shopping on empty stomach
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12
Q

Version 1 of Scylla myth and wh is involved

A
  • Scylla is the daugther of sea god Phorcys
  • Poseidon tries to seduce her
  • Amphitrite transforms scylla into horrific monster. Scylla’s lower half is raging dogs
  • charybdis (monster) also associated with her
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13
Q

version 2 of scylla myth and from which book

A
  • In Ovid’s Metamorphoses
  • Glaucus falls in love with Scylla and asks sorceress Circe for aid
  • Circe loves Glaucus so she transofrms Scylla
  • scylla’s hangout is the Straits of Messina (between Sicily and iTaly) where she eats 6 of Odysseus’ crew
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14
Q

Who is Charybdis

A
  • daughter of poseidon and gaia
  • a whirlpool that sucks down and spews up water 3x a day
  • located in straits of messina
  • ‘caught between Scylla and Charybdis’
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15
Q

cattle of the sun

A
  • Island of Thrinacia: where Helius pastures herds. Circe had warned Odysseus to not touch the cattle
  • his crew touch the cattle and is trapped on island without food. Slaughter a few head
  • when they sail again helius has zeus blast ship with thunderbolt. they all drown but odysseus, who avoids Charybdis
  • odysseus washes up on Ogygia, the island of Calypso
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16
Q

story with the land of the phaeacians

A
  • Odysseus alone at sea after poseidon shatters his raft near Scheria, the island of Phaeacians
  • Leucothea (sea goddes) and Athena help him and he washes up ashore
  • He encounters Nausicaä, daugther of Alcinous and Arete, king and queen of phaeacians who send him home
17
Q

Penelope and Suitors

A
  • Back in Ithica
  • Circumspect Penelope
  • She puts off suitors and will decide when her weaving is done. She undoes day’s work nightly because does not want to pick
  • Penelopes son, Telemachus is sent on journey to find father, Odysseus.
  • He goes to Pylos and asks King Nestor and to Sparta to talk to King Menelaus. Finds out his dad is alive
18
Q

Odysseus Disguised

A
  • Athena disguises odysseus as a begger
  • he encounters swineherd, Eumaeus and faithful dog Argus. Argus recognizes him and drops dead
  • he reveals himself to Eumaeus and Telemachus but keeps it hidden from Penelope to give her hope
19
Q

Contest of Bow

A
  • Penelope plans archery contest for suitors. They have to string Odysseus’ bow and shoot arrow through row of 12 axe heads, she revealed this plan to ‘beggar’ (Odysseus)
  • No one wins but beggar odysseus does so easily and kills main rivel, Antinous and kill remaining suitors
  • odysseus only spares Medon, a herald and Phemius, a bard
  • 12 servant girls are forced to clean blood and hanged for disloyalty because they slept with suitors and insulted beggar odysseus
  • goat herd melanthius is mutilated and killed
20
Q

aftermath of bow competition with penelope

A
  • penelope sent away before slaugther
  • penelope tests beggar odysseus if he is really him –> asks Euryclea to move marriage bed, which is built by him out of live olive tree (which cannot be moved)
  • odysseus knows this and proves it to her
21
Q

afterlife of odysseus

A
  • heroic quest: trickster figure
  • plato’s myth of er: chastened hero
  • roman Ulysses: patient
22
Q

planctae

A
23
Q

parents of odysseus

A

anticlea and laertes

24
Q

who is periphron

A

one of penelope’s suitors

CLASS 102 (27 decks)

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