2.0 Fuels and Fractions Flashcards
What is a fuel?
A substance that burns to release energy
What name do we give to reactions which take in heat energy?
Endothermic
What name do we give to reactions which release heat energy to the surroundings?
Exothermic
What are the 3 sides of the fire triangle?
How do we extinguish a fire?
By removing one side of the triangle
Name the 3 main fossil fuels
Crude oil
Natural Gas
Coal
What is meant by a fossil fuel?
A fuel formed from once living organisms
What are the 2 main problems with fossil fuels?
- Polluting products
- They are finite
What does “finite” mean?
They will eventually run out
Limited supply
What conditions are needed for fossil fuels to form?
Dead organisms
High Pressure
High Temperature
Millions of years
What are the main substances in crude oil?
Hydrocarbons
What is meant by a hydrocarbon?
A substance made up of ONLY H and C atoms
Why do some hydrocarbons have higher boiling points than others?
Larger molecules have larger attractions between them and need more energy to break them
What is meant by a fraction?
A group of substances with similar boiling points
How do the properties of crude oil fractions differ?
What are some common uses of crude oil fractions?
What’s the test for carbon dioxide?
What’s the test for water?
What pollutants can be caused by combustion of fossil fuels in cars?
What is fitted to cars to minimise pollution from the exhaust?
A catalytic convertor
Name an advantage of using biomass
