2: Urinary Microanatomy- Patestas

Question 1

hilum opens into the

Answer 1

renal sinus

hilum is the site where vessels and nerves pass into or leave the kidney

Question 2

funnel-shaped, proximal end of ureter

Answer 2

renal pelvis

Question 3

fat filled cavity enclosing the branches of renal a and v. and lymph vessels and ureter and n. fibers

Answer 3

renal sinus

Question 4

regions between the medullary rays

Answer 4

cortical labyrinth - contains renal corpuscles, convoluted tubules and connecting tubules

Question 5

straight tubules and collecting ducts =

Answer 5

medullary rays (medullary tissue that extends from base of pyramids into cortex)

Question 6

90-95% of blood flowing through kidney is in ..

Answer 6

cortex where is will be filtered through the glomeruli

Question 7

inner region of kidney consisting of renal pyramids and renal columns of bertin

Answer 7

medulla

Question 8

area cribosa =

Answer 8

around 20 opening of the papillary ducts of Bellini

projects and drains into minor calyx

Question 9

the renal columns of bertin consist of ________ but are part of ________

Answer 9

cortical tissue

reside within and are part of medulla

= straight tubules and collecting ducts

Question 10

the # lobes = # _____

Answer 10

pyramids

minor calyz recieves urine from renal papilla of a single renal pyramid

Question 11

consists of central medullary ray and surrounding cortical tissue

Answer 11

kidney lobule

• collecting duct and all nephrons that empty into it

Question 12

****nephron + collecting duct =

Answer 12

uriniferous tubule

Question 13

structural and functional unit of kidney

Answer 13

nephron

Question 14

cluster of fenestrated capillaries

Answer 14

glomerulus

Question 15

composed of podocytes

Answer 15

visceral layer of bowman’s capsule

primary and secondary processes with filtration slits with diaphragm ** (nephrin)

Question 16

space b/w visceral and parietal layers of bowman’s capsule

Answer 16

bowman’s space - contains ultrafiltrate

Question 17

site where afferent arteriole enters renal corpuscel and efferent exits

Answer 17

vascular pole

urinary pole contains the initial part of PCT

Question 18

layers of filtration barrier from inside –>

Answer 18

• endothelial surface layer of glomerular capillaries
• fenestrated endothelium of glomerular capillary *** no diaphragms over fenestrations
• basal lamina
• subpodocyte space
• visceral layer of bowman’s capsule (podocytes)

Question 19

PCT and thick descending limb of loop of henle epithelium =

thin limbs epithelium =

thick ascending limb of loop of henle =

papillary ducts of bellini

Answer 19

simple cuboidal

simple squamous

low cuboidal with few microvilli

tall columnar

Question 20

where is macula densa located?

Answer 20

modified segment of distal tubule located next to afferent arteriole

Question 21

cortical collecting duct is part of _________, but not part of __________

Answer 21

uriniferous tubule

nephron

Question 22

DCT empties into…

Answer 22

connecting tubule that drains into cortical or medullary collecting duct

papillary ducts of bellini are the continuation of medullary collecting ducts

Question 23

juxtaglomerular apparatus =

Answer 23

macula densa
JG cells
extraglomerular mesangial cells

controls BP by activating RAA system

Question 24

modified smooth m. cells in tunica media of afferent glomerular arteriole that contain renin

Answer 24

JG cells

Question 25

blood supply

renal a. –>

Answer 25

anterior and post division –> segmental a. –> lobar a. –> interlobar a –> arcuate a –> interlobular a –> afferent glomerular arterioles

Question 26

describe transitional epithelium /urothelium

Answer 26

facing the lumen it is coated by urothelial plaques consisting of uroplakins with hinge regions between them (create tight seal barrier)

Question 27

how is the lower 1/3 of ureter different than upper 2/3?

Answer 27

lower 1/3 has an extra outer longitudinal layer of muscularis in addition to the circular layer and inner longitudinal layer

ureteres deliver urine to bladder via peristaltic waves produced by muscularis

Question 28

what layer of bladder muscularis forms the internal sphincter muscle?

Answer 28

middle circular layer

Question 29

epithelium of prostatic v. membranous v. spongy male urethra

Answer 29

transitional

stratified/pseudostratified columnar

pseudostratified columnar, stratiied squamous non-keratinized distally

Question 30

what layer of prostate has main prostatic glands

Answer 30

peripheral layer

Question 31

what are prostatic concretions?

Answer 31

calcified glycoprtns