2. Types of Radiation

Question 1

Types of Radiation (2)

Answer 1

1. Non-ionizing

2. Ionizing

Question 2

Ionization

Answer 2

Break up of a molecule into constituent electrically charged atoms (ions)

Question 3

Ions

Answer 3

May have a (+) or (-) charge
(+) Ion - atom that loses electron
(-) Ion - atom that gains electron
When ions from two difference elements combine, a chemical reaction occurs & new compound created

Question 4

Non-ionizing Radiation

Answer 4

Does not have the energy needed to ionize atom

ie. radiowaves, microwaves lights etc..

Question 5

Ionizing Radiation

Answer 5

Has enough energy to ionize an atom ( >4eV)

Ionizing radiation is health concern as it can alter chemical structure of living cells

Question 6

Types of Ionizing Radiation (4)

Answer 6

Alpha Particles
Beta Particles
Neutron Particles
Gamma rays or x-rays (XRF)

Question 7

Alpha Particles (+)

Answer 7

• large mass consisting of 2 protons & 2 neutrons
• have a +2 positive charge & are emitted from nucleus
• ionize by stripping away electrons from other atoms

Question 8

Beta Particle (-)

Answer 8

• have a small mass & negative charge
• emitted from nucleus of certain radioactive atoms
• ionize other atoms by ejecting electrons from their orbits

Question 9

Neutron Particles

Answer 9

• produces by natural decay process of some radioactive elements
• can split atoms by fission, forming two or more unstable atoms that decay creating ionizing radiation of the alpha, beta & gamma type
• neutrons can be absorbed by some atoms (fusion) resulting in creation of a possible radioactive atom dependent on the absorber

Question 10

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Answer 10

Refer to diagram p.21