1. Fundamental Properties of Matter

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

Basic chemical substance that cannot be divided into simpler substance

Question 2

Atom

Answer 2

Smallest potion of an element; consists of two parts:
1. central nucleus - protons & neutrons
2. electrons
Atoms may combine to form molecules of a new substance

Question 3

Molecule

Answer 3

Smallest particle of a substance that retains physical/chemical properties. Consists of one or more atoms of one or more elements

Question 4

Compound

Answer 4

Pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically united in a fixed & definite proportion by weight

Question 5

Parts of the Atom

Answer 5

Proton (+)
Neutron - no electrical charge, mass slightly higher than Proton
Electron (-)

Question 6

Atomic Structure

Answer 6

Nucleus - centre of atom
Electron Shells - encircle the nucleus of atom; each shell have max capacity of electrons

Electrons in inner shell (K) are more tightly bound by nucleus & have greater energy

Question 7

Atomic Number & Mass Number

Answer 7

Atomic Number (Z) - # of protons in nucleus
Mass Number (A) - sum of the # of protons & neutrons in nucleus
Atomic Weight - avg weight of mass #'s of isotopes in an element

Question 8

Isotopes

Answer 8

Atoms of an elements having the same atomic number but different mass