2. Type II diabetes Flashcards
1
Q
How common is it?
A
Very common Increasing incidence (especially and low/middle-income countries)
2
Q
Who does it affect?
A
All ages but especially >40s
Increasing incidence in children
3
Q
What causes it?
A
Insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production
4
Q
What risk factors are there?
A
Obesity Lack of exercise High sugar/salt/fat diet Smoking Family history Asian/African ethnicity
5
Q
How does it present?
A
Increased urinary frequency Increased thirst Fatigue Weight loss Repeated thrush Blurred vision Impaired healing of cuts
6
Q
What other conditions might present similarly?
A
Type I diabetes Malignancy Hyperthyroidism Metabolic syndrome UTI
7
Q
How would you investigate?
A
Urinalysis HbA1c FBC Fasting glucose / random glucose OGTT
8
Q
What treatments are there?
A
Lifestyle modification
Metformin (sometimes insulin also)
BP control
Foot care
9
Q
What complications are there?
A
MI Stroke Peripheral neuropathy Retinopathy Kidney failure
