2 - the scalp

Question 1

which bone is the superior nuchal line part of?

Answer 1

occipital bone

Question 2

type of joint present between temporal and zygomatic bones to form the zygomatic arch?

Answer 2

synovial suture joint

Question 3

name the 5 layers of the scalp?

Answer 3

S - skin

C - (dense) connective tissue

A - aponeurosis of occipitofrontal muscle (epicranial aponeurosis)

L - loose areolar connective tissue

P - periosteum

Question 4

what is the layer below the cranium?

Answer 4

meninges

Question 5

what is the action produced by contraction of the anterior belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle?

Answer 5

draws scalp forward and raises eyebrows

Question 6

what structure forms the ventral rami of C5-T1?

Answer 6

brachial plexus

Question 7

function of the brachial plexus?

Answer 7

supplies all sensory innervation to the upper limb and most of axilla

Question 8

in which layer of the scalp are blood vessels present?

Answer 8

loose areolar connective tissue

Question 9

why are lacerating wounds to the scalp so dangerous?

Answer 9

it bleeds profusely due to extensive blood supply in scalp - this leads to major blood loss

Question 10

branches of ICA in the scalp?

Answer 10

supratrochlear a

supra-orbital a

Question 11

branches of ECA in the scalp?

Answer 11

superficial temporal a
posterior auricular a
occipital a

Question 12

where have majority of scalp blood vessels originated?

Answer 12

ECA

Question 13

what is dipole?

Answer 13

spongy bone - separates inner and outer layers of cortical bone in the skull

Question 14

what potential grave complication could arise from scalp infections due to the presence of emissary veins?

Answer 14

there are no valves - therefore microbes travel in any direction and CNs 3,4,5 (I+II) & 6 can be infected which leads to extra-ocular pressure

Question 15

lymphatic drainage of the scalp?

Answer 15

no lymph nodes in scalp and so they drain into the nodes in the head and neck