2. STROKE Flashcards
Define
Stroke
A stroke is a very serious condition where the blood supply to part of your brain is cut off. It needs to be treated in hospital as soon as possible.
Stroke
Symptoms
The main symptoms of stroke can be remembered with the word FAST:
Face – the face may have dropped on 1 side, the person may not be able to smile, or their mouth or eye may have dropped.
Arms – the person with suspected stroke may not be able to lift both arms and keep them there because of weakness or numbness in 1 arm.
Speech – their speech may be slurred or garbled, or the person may not be able to talk at all despite appearing to be awake; they may also have problems understanding what you’re saying to them.
Time – it’s time to dial 999 immediately if you see any of these signs or symptoms.
Stroke types 3
Transient ischemic attack (mini stroke)
Ischemic stroke (blood clot obstructs)
Hemorrhagic stroke (blood vessel burst)
Stroke pts lifestyle advice
Diet Exercise Stop smoking Weight loss Alcohol intake
Stroke
Ischaemic stroke
Long term Managment non AF related
Clopidogrel
Statin
Stroke
Ischaemic stroke
Long term Managment AF related
Review anticoagulant
Statin
Warfarin or other NOAC
rivaroxaban (brand names include Xarelto)
dabigatran (brand names include Pradaxa)
apixaban (brand names include Eliquis)
edoxaban (brand names include Lixiana)
Stroke
Transient stroke (mini stroke)
Long term Managment
MR Dipryidamole 200mg BD
+
Aspirin 75mg OD
+
Statin
(Avoid BB unless other condition)
treat hypertension
Stroke
Haemorrhage stroke
Long term Managment
Avoid
Aspirin, statin, anticoagulants ( give only if absolutely essential)
Treat hypertension & avoid hypoperfusion
Anti-platelet drugs in atrial circulation
And not anticoagulant why?
Clots in atrial circulation are made of platelets = anti platelets are good
Clots in veins slow moving are made of factors ( clots in veins, slow moving)
= anticoagulant are good here
Antiplatelets interfere with the binding of platelets, or the process that actually starts the formation of blood clots.
Anticoagulants interfere with the proteins in your blood that are involved with the coagulation process. These proteins are called factors. Different anticoagulants interfere with different factors to prevent clotting
Common antiplatelets include:
clopidogrel ticagrelor prasugrel dipyridamole dipyridamole/aspirin ticlopidine eptifibatide
anticoagulant examples
heparin warfarin rivaroxaban (Xarelto) dabigatran apixaban edoxaban enoxaparin fondaparinux
anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs
SE
increased bruising
red or pink colored urine
stools that are bloody or look like coffee grounds
more bleeding than normal during your menstrual period
purple toes
pain, change in temperature, or blackish areas in your fingers, toes, hands, or feet
Aspirin 75 OD
Given to stroke pts why?
Secondary prevention Of CVD
What has to be stabilised BEFORE aspirin given to MI pts
Blood pressure controlled first!
Aspirin is CI in under 16yrs
Exemption in?
Is used as anti platelet
