2 - Sources Of Information

Question 1

Comparison group

Answer 1

A group in an experiment whose levels on the independent variable differ from those of the treatment group in some intended and meaningful way.

Question 2

Confederate

Answer 2

An actor who is directed by the researcher to play a specific role in a research study.

Question 3

Confirmatory hypothesis testing

Answer 3

The tendency to ask only the questions that will lead to the expected answer.

Question 4

Confound

Answer 4

A potential alternative explanation for research finding (a threat to internal validity).

Question 5

Empirical journal article

Answer 5

A scholarly article that reports for the first time the results of a research study.

Question 6

Pop-up principle

Answer 6

Availability heuristic. The tendency to rely predominately on evidence that easily comes to mind rather than use all possible evidence in evaluating some conclusion.

Question 7

Present/present bias

Answer 7

The tendency to rely only on what is present (e.g., instances in which both a treatment and a desired outcome are present) and ignore what is absent (e.g., instances in which the treatment is absent or the desired outcome is absent) when evaluating the evidence for a conclusion.

Question 8

Probabilistic

Answer 8

A description of me in empirical method, stating that science is intended to explain a certain proportion (but not necessarily all) of the possible cases.

Question 9

Review journal article

Answer 9

An article summarizing all the studies that have been done in one research area.