2) Solids, liquids and gases Flashcards
What is the equation linking density, mass and volume?
density = mass/volume
How do you measure volume?
- fill a displacement cannister with water
- slowly submerge the object in the water
- collect the displaced water with a measuring cylinder
- the water collected is the object’s volume
What is the equation linking force, pressure and area?
- pressure = force/area
What is the equation linking gravitational field strength, density, pressure difference and height?
pressure difference = height by density by gravitational field strength
P = hpg
The pressure at a point in a gas or liquid at rest acts _______ in all directions
- equally
What is meant by air pressure?
- air molecules collide with each other and the walls of a container
- these molecules apply a force on the walls giving it a pressure
Why does the pressure increase when the temperature is increased?
- the molecules have more kinetic energy, thus hit the walls of the container with a greater force, therefore there is a greater pressure
Explain Brownian motion
- gas molecules have random motion
- smaller particles bump into the gas molecules which makes them change direction and speed
Give an example of how Brownian motion can be demonstrated
- smoke particles
What is absolute zero in kelvin and in celcius?
- 0K
- -273°C
What is 273K in °C?
- 0°C
What is 100°C in K?
373K
What is 173K in °C?
- -100°C
The Kelvin temperature of a ___ is ____________ to the average _______ energy of its molecule
- gas
- proportional
- kinetic
Pressure and ___________ in K are ________ proportional
- temperature
- directly
What is the relationship between the pressure and Kelvin temperature of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume?
p1/T1= p2/T2
What does absolute 0 mean?
- that the pressure at 0 Kelvin is 0 Pascals
As the temperature _________ the pressure increases
- increases
If the temperature is constant, what is the relationship between pressure and volume?
p is proportional to 1/V
What is the relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gass at constant temperature?
“p1V1=p2V2”