2. Reticuloruminal Disorders Flashcards
Bloat that is a manifestation of an underlying primary disorder
Free gas bloat
Occurrence rate of free gas bloat
Sporadic - usually one animal
Bloat that is a primary disease in which luminal gases are trapped in small bubbles within abnormally viscous digest
Frothy bloat
Frothy bloat is usually dependent on
Feedstuffs
CS of bloat
- Asymmetric abdominal distention most pronounced in the left paralumbar fossa
- Abdominal discomfort = restlessness, kicking at abdomen, rolling
- Increased HR and RR
- Acute: death within 30 min - 4 hrs
Diagnosing bloat
CS indicative but can also pass an orogastric tube
Bloat DDx
- Ruptured bladder
- Hydroallantois
- LDA
- Abomasal volvulus
- Mesenteric volvulus
Tx of bloat if in distress (emergency)
Trocarization or Rumenotomy
Tx of free gas bloat
Stomach tube relief
Tx of frothy bloat
- Poloxalene
- Vegetable oils
- Dactyl sodium sulfosuccinate
What does Poloxalene do?
Surfactant that breaks down the bubbles and turns it into gas
How to control chronic free gas bloat
Temporary rumenotomy
How to prevent free gas bloat
Find underlying problem
How to prevent frothy bloat
- Grazing management/adaption diets
- Poloxalene
- Ionophores (monensin and lasalocid)
Rumen indigestion, acute in onset, due to abrupt dietary change that results in self-limiting but rapid decline in rumen fermentation
Simple (primary) Rumen Indigestion
Chronic rumen indigestion that its the result of another disease (endotoxemic infection, abomasa disease, metabolic disease)
Secondary Rumen Indigestion
CS of Primary Rumen Indigestion
- Acute anorexia = rumen motility is reduced to absent
- Diarrhea within 24 hrs
CS of Secondary Rumen Indigestion
- Rumination absent
- Rumen underfilled
- Depressed fecal production +/- diarrhea
Tx of mild rumen indigestion
Self correcting
Tx of Rumen Indigestion
- Rumen transfaunation (repeat for 2-3 days)
- Increase rumen fill (20-30 L of fluid +/- other things)
What is most important about rumen transfaunation?
It must be adapted to patient’s expected ration (ie: Dairy cow eating TMR to dairy cow eating TMR)
What is the minimum amount of rumen fluid for rumen transfaunation, and what is the best amount of rumen fluid?
Min = 3 L Best = 8-16 L
