2 - RAAS

Question 1

ACE inhibitors

• example
• side effects

Answer 1

E.g Cilazipril

• Blocks angiotensin 2 from being formned by binding ACE similar to angiotensin 1
• Side effect - ACE - is responsible for degrading bradykinin - this is responsbile for dry cough and angioedema (abnormal swelling and inflammation)
• to treat this - block bradykinin by agonist or decrease production in bradykinin by inhibiting the enzyme that does this

Question 2

Angiotensin receptor antagonsits

Answer 2

E.g Losartan

• competitive antagonists at AT-1 receptors
• blocks most activity of RAAS
• adverse effects - increased risk of jhyperkalemia nad acute kidney injury

Question 3

Aldosterone antagonists

Answer 3

e. g Spirolactone
- antagonist at Mineralocorticodi recptor
- inhibits NA reabsorption caused by alsdoseterone

Question 4

Ca channel blockers
Diuretics
Beta blocker

Answer 4

-inhibits smooth muscle contraction so decreases vasoconstriction and leads to decreased blood presure e.g verapamil

Diuertics - thiazide - stops Na CL channel so not as much Na reabsorption and decreased water absorpiton
-e.g Amiloride - Na Cl in collectign duct - same place as aldoesterone

Beta blocker - metoprolol

• Main action on SNS but also interacts with RAAS
• competitive antagonists at beta adrenergic receptors = decreases cardiac dontractilitu , decreases renein secretieon