2 - Psychoanalysis 1 Flashcards
Leibnitz’s theory of psychic entities, called monads, which are similar to perceptions
Petites perceptions
Apperception
Monadology
The process of reducing or eliminating a complex by recalling it to conscious awareness and allowing it to be expressed
Catharsis
The process by which a patient responds to the therapist as if the therapist were a significant person (such as a parent) in the patient’s life
Transference
A psychotherapeutic technique in which the patient says whatever comes to mind
Free association
A psychotherapeutic technique involving the interpretation of dreams to uncover unconscious conflicts
Dream analysis
An act of forgetting or a lapse in speech that reflects unconscious motives or anxieties
Freudian slip (Fehlleistung)
A blockage or refusal to disclose painful memories during a free-association session
Resistance
The process of barring unacceptable ideas, memories, or desires from conscious awareness, leaving them to operate in the unconscious mind
Repression
To Freud, mental representations of internal stinuli (such as hunger) that motivate personality
Propelling or motivating forces of the personality, the biological forces that release mental energy
Trieb (impulse or driving force)
Instincts
To Freud, the psychic energy that drives a person toward pleasurable thoughts and behaviors
Libido
Hunger, thirst, sex
Self preservation and survival
Life instincts
Aggression and hatred
Masochism and suicide
Destructive force
Death instincts
The source of psychic energy and the aspect of personality allied with the instincts
Most primitive, least accessible, pleasure principle
Id
The rational aspect of personality responsible for controlling the instincts
Reality principle, mediator, reason,
Ego
The moral aspect of personality derived from internal parental and societal values and standards
Morality principle, perfection
Superego
Functions as a warning that the ego is being threatened
Objective - actual dangers
Neurotic - fear of being punished for expressing impulsive desires
Moral - fear of one’s conscience
Anxiety
Behaviors that represent unconscious denials or distortions of reality but which are adopted to protect the ego against anxiety
Defense mechanisms
Denying the existence of an external threat or traumatic event; a person living with a terminal illness may deny the imminence of death
Denial
Shifting id impulses from a threatening or unavailable object to an object that is available, such as replacing hostility towards one’s boss with hostility towards one’s child
Displacement
Attributing a disturbing impulse to someone else, such as saying you do not really hate your professor but that he or she hates you
Projection
Reinterpreting behavior to make it more acceptable and less threatening, such as saying the job from which you were fired was not a really good job anyway
Rationalization
Expressing an id impulse that is the opposite of the one that is driving the person. For example, someone disturbed by sexual longings may become a crusader against pornography
Reaction formation
Retreating to an earlier, less frustrating period of life and displaying the childish and dependent behaviors characteristic of that more secure time
Regression
Denying the existence of something that causes anxiety, such as involuntarily removing from consciousness some memory or perception that brings discomfort
Repression
