2- pharmacokinetics pharmakodynamics Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

things that can affect PK

A
Renal function 
Stress 
Pyrexia 
Liver function 
Albumin 
Cardiovascular function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

bioavalibility

A

The ability of a drug or other substance to be absorbed and used by the body.(F)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what affecrs bioavalibility

A
Absorption
- Formulation
- Age (luminal changes)
- Food (chelation, gastric emptying)
- Vomiting/malabsorption (Crohn’s)
- Previous surgery (bariatric) • 
First pass metabolism
- metabolism before reaching systemic circulation
(gut lumen, gut wall, liver and even lungs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

bioavalibility equation

A

F = mass of the drug delivered to the plasma ÷ total mass of the drug administered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Vd equation

A

Vd = total amount of drug in the body ÷ plasma drug concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what affects distribution

A

Protein binding
Albumin – acidic drugs – common!
Globulins – hormones Lipoproteins – basic drugs
Glycoproteins – basic drugs

Blood flow, capillary structure – think about poorly vs. well- perfused tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

can protein bound drugs have effect

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when is drug binding important

A
  • highly protein bound
  • narrow therapeutic index
  • Low V
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does small Vd mean

A

drug is confined to plasma, higher theraputic effect, lower dose needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what affects renal excretion

A

Affected by:
1 GFR and protein binding (gentamicin)
2 Competition for transporters such as OATs (penicillin)
3 lipid solubility, pH, flow rate (aspirin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

clearance

A
  • Volume of blood cleared per unit time (mL/min)

rate of elimination/ drug concentration in plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

half life equation

A

half life = 0.693 x Vd/ clearahce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when is steady state reached

A

4-5 half lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

maintenance dose equation

A

(clearance x plasma concentration wanted / bioavalibility ) / dose interval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

loading dose equation

A

constant steady state x volume distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

selectivity

A

the degree to which a drug acts on a given site relative to other sites

17
Q

affinity

A

the extent or fraction to which a drug binds to receptors at any given drug concentration or the firmness with which the drug binds to the receptor.

18
Q

potency

A

]amount of the drug required to produce a defined effect

19
Q

efficary

A

Ability to produce the maximal response of a particular system