2. People In Business Flashcards

1
Q

Motivation

A

the reason why employees want to work hard and work effectively for the business

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2
Q

Wage

A

a payment for work, usually paid weekly

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3
Q

Time rate

A

the amount paid to an employee for one hour of work

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4
Q

Piece rate

A

an amount paid for each unit of output

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5
Q

Salary

A

payment for work, usually paid monthly

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6
Q

Bonus

A

an additional amount of payment above basic pay as a reward for good work

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7
Q

Commission

A

payment relating to the number of sales made

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8
Q

Profit sharing

A

a system whereby a proportion of the company’s profits are paid out to employees

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9
Q

Job satisfaction

A

the enjoyment derived from feeling that you have done a good job

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10
Q

Job rotation

A

workers swapping around and doing each specific task for only a limited time and then changing around again

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11
Q

Job enrichment

A

looking at jobs and adding tasks that require more and/or responsibility

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12
Q

Team-working

A

using groups of workers and allocating specific tasks and responsibilities to them

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13
Q

Training

A

the process of improving a worker’s skills

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14
Q

Promotion

A

the advancement of an employee in an organisation, for example, to a higher job/managerial level

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15
Q

Organisational structure

A

levels of management and division of responsibilities within an organisation

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16
Q

Organisational chart

A

a diagram that outlines the internal management structure

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17
Q

Hierarchy

A

the levels of management in any organisation, from the highest to the lowest

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18
Q

Level of hierarchy

A

managers/supervisors/other employees who are given a similar level of responsibility in an organisation

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19
Q

Chain of command

A

the structure in an organisation which allows instructions to be passed down from senior management to lower levels of management

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20
Q

Span of control

A

the number of subordinates working directly under a manger

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21
Q

Director

A

senior managers who lead a particular department or a division of a business

22
Q

Line manager

A

have direct responsibility for people below them in the hierarchy of an organisation

23
Q

Supervisor

A

junior managers who have direct control over the employees below them in the organisational structure

24
Q

Staff manager

A

specialists who provide support, information and assistance to line managers

25
Q

Delegation

A

giving a subordinate the authority to perform particular tasks

26
Q

Leadership style

A

different approaches to dealing with people and making decisions when in apposition of authority - autocratic, democratic and laissez-faire

27
Q

Autocratic leadership

A

where the manager expects to be in charge of the business and to have their orders followed

28
Q

Democratic leadership

A

gets other employees involved in the decision-making process

29
Q

Laissez-faire leadership

A

makes the broad objectives of the business known to employees, but then they are left to make their own decisions and organise their own work

30
Q

Recruitment

A

the process from identifying that the business needs to employ someone up to the point at which applications have arrived at the business

31
Q

Job analysis

A

identifies and records the responsibilities and tasks relating to a job

32
Q

Job description

A

outlines the responsibilities and duties to be carried out by someone employed to do a specific job

33
Q

Job specification

A

a document which outlines the requirements, qualifications, expertise, physical characteristics, etc., for a specified job

34
Q

Internal recruitment

A

when a vacancy is filled by someone who is an existing employee of the business

35
Q

External recruitment

A

when a vacancy is filled by someone who is not an existing employee and will be new to the business

36
Q

Induction training

A

an introduction given to a new employee, explaining the business’s activities, customs and procedures and introducing them to their fellow workers

37
Q

On-the-job training

A

by watching a more experienced worker doing the job

38
Q

Off-the-job training

A

being trained away from the workplace, usually by specialist trainers

39
Q

Workforce planning

A

establishing the workforce needed by the business for the foreseeable future in terms of the number and skills of employees required

40
Q

Dismissal

A

when employment is ended against the will of the employee, usually for not working according to the employment contract

41
Q

Redundancy

A

when the employee is no longer needed and so loses their job. It is not due to any aspect of their work being unsatisfactory

42
Q

Contract of employment

A

a legal agreement between an employer and an employee, listing the rights and responsibilities of workers

43
Q

Communication

A

the transferring of a message from the sender to the receiver, who understands the message

44
Q

Internal communication

A

communication between members of the same organisation

45
Q

External communication

A

communication between the organisation and other organisations or individuals

46
Q

Medium of communication

A

the method used to send a message e.g. a letter is a method of written communication and a meeting is a method of verbal communication

47
Q

Feedback

A

the reply from the receiver which shows whether the message has arrived, been understood and, if necessary, acted upon

48
Q

One-way communication

A

a message which does not call for or require a response

49
Q

Two-way communication

A

when the receiver gives a response to the message and there is a discussion about it

50
Q

Formal communication

A

when messages are sent through established channels using professional language

51
Q

Informal communication

A

when information is sent and received casually using everyday language

52
Q

Communication barrier

A

factors that stop effective communication of messages