2. Network Flashcards
What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6?
IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses (e.g., 192.168.1.1), while IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses (e.g., 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334).
What is the function of a DHCP server?
Automatically assigns IP addresses and other network configuration details to devices on a network.
What is a MAC address?
A unique physical address assigned to a network interface card (NIC), used for communication within a local network.
What is the default port for HTTPS?
Port 443.
What is the purpose of a switch in networking?
Connects devices within a network and uses MAC addresses to forward data to the correct device.
What is the OSI model, and what are its seven layers?
A conceptual framework for understanding network communication; the layers are Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.
What is the difference between TCP and UDP?
TCP is connection-oriented and ensures reliable data delivery, while UDP is connectionless and faster but does not guarantee delivery.
What is the purpose of a subnet mask?
Divides an IP address into network and host portions, determining the range of IP addresses within a network.
What is the default IP range for private Class C networks?
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255.
What is the maximum speed of Cat6 Ethernet cables?
Up to 10 Gbps for distances up to 55 meters.
What is the purpose of a VPN?
Creates a secure, encrypted connection between a device and a private network over the internet.
What is the difference between a router and a switch?
A router connects different networks and routes traffic, while a switch connects devices within the same network and forwards data using MAC addresses.
What are the common wireless network standards, and their maximum speeds?
802.11n: 600 Mbps; 802.11ac: 1.3 Gbps; 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6): 9.6 Gbps.
What is the role of a DNS server?
Translates domain names (e.g., www.example.com) into IP addresses (e.g., 192.168.1.1).
What are the key differences between IPv6 and IPv4?
IPv6 has 128-bit addresses, supports auto-configuration, and eliminates the need for NAT, while IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses.
What is the purpose of a DMZ in networking?
A Demilitarized Zone isolates public-facing services (e.g., web servers) from the internal network for added security.
What is the function of a packet sniffer?
Captures and analyzes network traffic for troubleshooting and monitoring purposes.
What is a default gateway?
The device (usually a router) that connects a local network to other networks, including the internet.
What is port forwarding?
Directs incoming traffic on a specific port to a specific device or service within a private network.
What is the purpose of QoS (Quality of Service)?
Prioritizes certain types of network traffic (e.g., VoIP or streaming) to ensure consistent performance.
What is a VLAN, and why is it used?
A Virtual LAN segments a physical network into smaller, logical networks to improve security and manageability.
What is the difference between a static IP and a dynamic IP?
A static IP is manually assigned and remains constant, while a dynamic IP is automatically assigned by a DHCP server and can change.
What is a traceroute command used for?
Traces the path packets take to a destination, identifying delays or failures in the route.
What is the default port number for FTP?
Port 21.