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Medical radiation pathology 1 > 2) Musculoskeletal trauma > Flashcards

2) Musculoskeletal trauma Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Open fracture

A

Complete fracture. Communicating wound between bone and skin

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2
Q

Closed fracture

A

Complete fracture. Skin not broken

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3
Q

Comminuted fracture

A

Complete, unstable fracture. Multiple bone fragments

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4
Q

Avulsion fracture

A

Complete fracture. Separated bone segment attached to ligament or tendon

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5
Q

Complete fracture

A

Bone is broken right through (open, closed, comminuted, avulsion)

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6
Q

Incomplete fracture

A

Bone is still in one piece (greenstick, torus, bowing, stretch fracture, transchondral fracture). All incomplete fractures are stable fractrues

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7
Q

greenstick fracture

A

Incomplete fracture. Break in one cortex, interior splitting –> children and elderly

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8
Q

Torus fracture

A

Incomplete fracture. Buckling of the cortex

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9
Q

bowing fracture

A

Incomplete fracture. Bending of the bone

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10
Q

Stress fracture

A

Incomplete fracture. Microfracture

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11
Q

Transchondral fracture

A

Incomplete fracture. Separation of articular cartilage from the bone

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12
Q

Simple fracture

A

Generally undisplaced, or minor ddegree of bending. Skin surface not effected

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13
Q

Oblique fracture

A

Oblique fracture across the shaft of the bone. Considered unstable because of its oblique nature

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14
Q

Spiral fracture

A

Fracture that occurs as a result of a twisting motion. Spirals around the length of the shaft. Unstable fracture

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15
Q

Compression/impacted fracture

A

Direction of fall forces fractured components into each other

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16
Q

Colle’s fracture

A

Most frequent upper extremity fracture type. Dorsal displacement of distal radius fragment. “Dinner fork” deformity. Fall on outstretched pronated hand

17
Q

Smith’s fracture

A

Distal radius fracture with volar displacement. Fall on outstretched supinated hand.

18
Q

Dislocation

A

Two bones lose contact completely

19
Q

Subluxation

A

Two bones lose contact partially

20
Q

Approach to interpreting skeletal radiographs (AABCS)

A
  • Adequacy: All views included with correct positioning and exposure
  • Alignment: Anatomical relationships between all bones are normal
  • Bones: Look for fracture lines, cortex/trabeculae disruptions
  • Cartilage: Joints should be of normal width and have uniform spacing. Fracture segments may be seen within joint space
    Soft tissues: Soft tissue swelling, joint effusions and distortion of fat pads can be easier to see than the fracture its self

Medical radiation pathology 1 (2 decks)

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