2. Metalworking Machines Flashcards
What are the potential health hazards associated with the production of molten metals?
Inhalation of gases/vapours/particulates.
Exposure to intense heat or infrared radiation.
Exposure to excessive noise.
Why are housekeeping and personal sanitation critical in workplaces handling molten metals?
Fumes and particulates are often formed when working with molten metals. These can contaminate workers and their clothing.
Contaminants can be taken to other areas of the workplace and to the workers home causing a health hazard.
What is forging?
The process of heating a metal close to its melting point and then forming it into shapes by:
Pounding (hammering)
Pressing (presses)
Squeezing (upsetters)
List some hazards associated with forging.
Hot surfaces Hot metal slag Metal fumes Hazardous gasses Crushing Pinch points Noise
Give examples of guards and safety devices used to safeguard forging hammers.
Guards:
-Light curtains
Devices
- Two-handed controls
- Interlocked gates
- Pressure-sensitive matting for emergency stop
What are the 5 common metalworking processes?
Turning
-metal turned against a tool. Example, turning a rod into a screw
Boring
-drill
Milling
-a rotary device used to remove material from the product, creating smooth and/or flat surfaces
Planing
-cuts the surface to produce a large smooth area
Grinding
-abrasives used to shape and finish products.
What is an engine lathe?
aka: bench lathe or lathe.
Small to medium-sized horizontal lathe with a carriage and slide.
What is a turret lathe?
A turret lathe can hold multiple tools and quickly/automatically switch between tools without needing to remove a tool before adding another.
What is a turret lathe?
A turret lathe can hold multiple tools and quickly/automatically switch between tools without needing to remove a tool before adding another.
What is a drill press?
A stationary drilling machine. Precise angles, distances, and controlled pressure.
What is a metal cutting bandsaw?
A bandsaw is a springy, circular saw that wraps around two wheels. The wheels turn the saw to create the cutting force.
This can be used for straight or curved cuts, like a jigsaw.
What is a surface grinder?
A grinding wheel that removes the top layer off a surface to smooth a surface and reduce thickness.
What is a horizontal milling machine?
A machine that attaches tools to a horizontal rotor, to cut/drill a product.
What is a horizontal milling machine?
A machine that attaches tools to a horizontal rotor, to cut/drill a product.
Uses a metal cutter that moves perpendicular to its axis.
What standards cover most machine tools?
ANSI standards.
B11.6 & B11.8
List four types of cold forming metal working tools, and identify safety hazards with each.
Standard power press
- crushing
- pinch points
Powered press brake
- crushing
- pinch points
Manual bending brake
- cutting
- shearing
- crushing
Powered metal shear
- cutting
- shearing
List safeguards and controls utilized in cold forming machines.
Power press clutch/brake controls
Light curtains (presence sensing device)
Two-hand control activation
Sliding barrier devices
Pull outs
Restraints
Safety mats
Area/perimeter guarding devices
Compare and contrast a basic forging hammer and a basic forging press.
Both are large, powerful machines that change the form of metal that has been heated to a near melting point. Usually to create simple shapes, such as a bar or plate.
The hammer pounds the metal directly, or via a die. A forge press squeezes the hot metal into a die.
What are the two basic operating steps of a foundry?
1, Production of a mould that will produce the shape of a metal object.
2, Filling of the mould with liquid metal (casting).
List the 5 basic metal working processes and identify a common machine tool that performs each.
Turning - Engine lathe
Bore - Metal drill press
Mill - Metal milling machine
Plane - Metal planing machine
Grind - Surface grinder
List critical safety hazards associated with metal drill presses and hazard controls that are commonly used to reduce risk.
Puncturing, cutting, entanglement.
Emergency stop button, guard/shield/barrier.
List critical safety hazards associated with engine lathes and hazard controls that are commonly used to reduce risk.
Entanglement, pinching, shearing.
Remove loose clothing prior to use, do not place hands on work turning in the lathe.
List critical safety hazards associated with mills and hazard controls that are commonly used to reduce risk.
Abrasion, entanglement.
Remove loose clothing prior to use, do not place hands in work area of machine.
Discuss metalworking machine design standards and OHS regulations in Canada.
There are ANSI and CSA design standards for metalworking machines.
OHS regulation makes some mandatory, and others are voluntary. To meet due diligence, the voluntary standards must usually be met.
List critical safety hazards associated with plate bending rolls.
Crushing, entanglement.
List critical safety hazards associated with powered press brakes.
Crushing, cutting.
List critical safety hazards associated with powered metal shears.
Cutting.
What does CNC stand for?
Computer Numeric Control.
