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Physics A Level > 2 Mechanics > Flashcards

2 Mechanics Flashcards

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1
Q

When can suvat equations be used?

A

When an object is moving at a constant velocity or accelerating at a constant rate

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2
Q

What are the suvat equations?

A

S=(u+v)t/2

V=u+at

S=ut+1/2at^2

V^2=u^2+2as

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3
Q

What is the gradient on a displacement against time graph?

A

Velocity

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4
Q

What is the area under the graph on a velocity against time graph?

A

Distance

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5
Q

What is the gradient on a velocity against time graph?

A

Acceleration

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6
Q

What is the area under the graph of an acceleration against time graph?

A

Velocity

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7
Q

What is a vector?

A

Quantities with a magnitude and direction

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8
Q

What is a scalar?

A

Quantities with s magnitude but no direction

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9
Q

How can the magnitude of a 2 perpendicular vectors be worked out?

A

Pythagoras

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10
Q

How can you split vectors into horizontal and vertical components?

A

Using SOHCAHTOA

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11
Q

What are distant forces?

A

Forces acting over a distance e.g gravity

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12
Q

What are contact forces?

A

Forces acting at a point e.g friction

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13
Q

What is Newton’s first law?

A

A body will remain at rest or move at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external resultant force

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14
Q

What is Newton’s second law?

A

F=ma for a body of fixed mass, the acceleration is directly proportional to the resultant force applied to the body

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15
Q

Newton’s third law

A

If body A exerts a force in body B, then body B will exert an equal and opposite force on body A

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16
Q

For forced to be considered as force pairs they must:

A
  • act on two separate bodies
  • be if the same type
  • act along the same line
  • be equal in magnitude
  • act in opposite directions
17
Q

What equipment helps when trying to calculate gravity?

A
  • small heavy ball to minimise air resistance
  • having computer automatically release and tine the ball means you can measure with a smaller uncertainty
  • making h larger to reduce percentage uncertainty
18
Q

What equipment is good for measuring projectile motion?

A

Video camera or strobe photography

19
Q

What things affect friction?

A
  • speed of object
  • shape of object
  • viscosity of fluid
20
Q

What 3 things need to be remembered about frictional forces?

A

1) they always act in the opposite direction to motion
2) they can never speed things up
3) they convert KE into heat and sound

21
Q

What two things are needed to reach terminal velocity?

A
  • a driving force that stays the same all the time

* a frictional or drag force that increase with velocity

22
Q

Equation for momentum

A

P=mv

Momentum= mass x velocity

23
Q

Equation for work done

A

W=fxd

Work done= force x displacement in direction of force

24
Q

Equation for power

A

P=E/t

Power= energy transferred/ time

25
Q

What is one watt equal to?

A

1 joule per second

26
Q

Equation for KE

A

KE=1/2mv^2

27
Q

Equation for GPE

A

GPE=mgh

28
Q

Equation for efficiency

A

Eff=useful energy output/ total energy input

29
Q

What is the relationship between mass and change in velocity?

A

The greater an objects mass, the greater it’s resistance to a change in velocity

30
Q

What is the centre of gravity

A

The single point of an object that you can consider the the whole weight to act through

31
Q

What experiment can be used to find the centre of gravity of an irregular object?

A

1) hang the object freely from a string
2) draw a vertical line downwards from the string using a plumb line
3) have the object from a different point
4) the centre of gravity is where they cross

32
Q

When will an object topple over?

A

When the vertical line drawn downwards from its centre of gravity falls outside its base area because the objects weight is causing a turning force

33
Q

Equation for moments

A

Moment=force x perpendicular distance to pivot

34
Q

Principle of moments

A

For a body to be in equilibrium the sum of the clockwise moments about any point equals the sum of the anti-clockwise moments

35
Q

What is impulse?

A

Change in momentum (mv/t)

36
Q

Conservation of linear momentum

A

The total momentum of any interacting bodies is conserved, provided that no resultant external force acts in the system

37
Q

Efficiency equation

A

(Useful energy or power out)/ (total energy or power in)

Physics A Level (11 decks)

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