2 Mark Definitions Flashcards
Adultery
Voluntary sexual intercourse between a married person and a person who is not their spouse
Divorce
To legally end a marriage
Cohabitation
To live together in a sexual relationship, without being married, or in a civil partnership
Commitment
A sense of dedication and obligation to someone or something
Contraception
Methods used to prevent a woman from becoming pregnant during or following sexual intercourse
Gender Equality
People of all genders enjoying the same rights and opportunities in all aspects of their lives
Responsibilities
Actions/duties you are expected to carry out
Roles
Position, status or function of a person in society, as well as the characteristics and social behaviour expected of them
Afterlife
Life after death; the belief that existence continues after physical death
Environmental Sustainability
Ensuring that the demands placed on natural resources can be met without reducing capacity to allow all people and other species of animals, as well as plant life, to live well, now and in the future
Euthanasia
From Greek, eu ‘good’ + thanatos ‘death’. Sometimes referred to as ‘mercy killing. The act of killing or permitting the death of a person who is suffering from a serious illness.
Evolution
The process by which different living creatures are believed to have developed from earlier less complex forms during the history of the earth
Abortion
When a pregnancy is ended so that it does not result in the birth of a child
Quality of life
The extent to which life is meaningful and pleasurable
Sanctity of life
The belief that life is precious, or sacred. For many religious believers, only human life holds this special status
Soul
The spiritual aspect of a being; that which connects someone to God. The soul is often regarded as non-physical and as living on after physical death, in an afterlife
Good
That which is considered morally right, beneficial and to our advantage
Evil
That which is considered extremely immoral, wicked and wrong
Forgiveness
To grant pardon for a wrongdoing; to give up resentment and the desire to seek revenge against a wrongdoer
Free Will
The ability to make choices voluntarily and independently. The belief that nothing is pre-determined
Justice
Fairness; where everyone has equal provisions and opportunity
Morality
Principles and standards determining which actions are right or wrong
Punishment
A penalty given to someone for a crime or wrong they have done
Sin
Deliberate immoral action, breaking a religious or moral law
Suffering
Pain or distress caused by injury, illness or loss. Suffering can be physical, emotional/psychological or spiritual
Censorship
The practice of suppressing and limiting access to materials considered obscene, offensive or a threat to security. People may also be restricted in their speech by censorship laws
Discrimination
Acts of treating groups of people, or individuals differently, based on prejudice
Extremism
Believing in and supporting ideas that are very far from what most people consider correct or reasonable
Human Rights
The basic entitlements of all human beings, afforded to them simply because they are human
Personal Conviction
Something a person strongly feels or believes in
Prejudice
Pre-judging; judging people to be inferior or superior without cause
Absolute Poverty
An acute state of deprivation, whereby a person cannot access the most basic of their human needs
Relative Poverty
A standard of poverty measured in relation to the standards of a society in which a person lives, e.g. living on less than X% of average UK income
Social Justice
Promoting a fair society by challenging injustice and valuing diversity. Ensuring that everyone has equal access to provisions, equal opportunities and rights
