2. Ionic Bonding

Question 1

When a neutral atom loses electrons it becomes…

Answer 1

Positively charged

Question 2

When a neutral atom gains electrons it becomes…

Answer 2

Negatively charged

Question 3

What is the name of a charged particle?

Answer 3

Ion

Question 4

What is the name of a positively charged particle?

Answer 4

cation

Question 5

What is the name of a negatively charged particle?

Answer 5

anion

Question 6

What is the charge of ions of elements in group 2?

Answer 6

+ 2

Question 7

What is the charge of ions of elements in group 7?

Answer 7

• 1

Question 8

What is the charge of ions of elements in group 1?

Answer 8

+ 1

Question 9

What is the charge of ions of elements in group 3?

Answer 9

+ 3

Question 10

What is the charge of ions of elements in group 6?

Answer 10

• 2

Question 11

What is the charge of ions of elements in group 5?

Answer 11

• 3

Question 12

What is the charge of a silver (Ag) ion?

Answer 12

Ag+

Question 13

What is the charge of a copper (Cu) ion?

Answer 13

Cu2+

Question 14

What are the two possible charges of a iron (Fe) ion?

Answer 14

Fe2+ and Fe3+

Question 15

What is the charge of a lead (Pb) ion?

Answer 15

Pb2+

Question 16

What is the charge of a zinc (Zn) ion?

Answer 16

Zn2+

Question 17

What is the charge of a hydrogen (H) ion?

Answer 17

H+

Question 18

What is the formula and charge of a hydroxide ion?

Answer 18

OH-

Question 19

What is the formula and charge of an ammonium ion?

Answer 19

NH4+

Question 20

What is the formula and charge of a carbonate ion?

Answer 20

CO3 2-

Question 21

What is the formula and charge of a nitrate ion?

Answer 21

NO3 -

Question 22

What is the formula and charge of a sulfate ion?

Answer 22

SO4 2-

Question 23

How can you determine the number of each ion required in an ionic equation?

Answer 23

The overall charge must be zero;

leading to a neutrally charged particle.

Question 24

What is the formula of sodium hydroxide?

Answer 24

NaOH

Na+ and OH-

Question 25

What is the formula of potassium carbonate?

Answer 25

K2CO3

2 x K+ and CO3 2-

Question 26

What is the formula of copper carbonate, copper nitrate and copper sulfate?

Answer 26

CuCO3
Cu(NO3)2
CuSO4

Question 27

What happens when chlorine reacts with sodium?

Answer 27

sodium gives its outer shell electron to chlorine; sodium becomes +1;
chlorine becomes -1;
they both have full outer shells and so are stable

Question 28

What happens when zinc reacts with oxygen?

Answer 28

zinc gives two electron to oxygen;
zinc becomes +2;
oxygen becomes -2;
both ions are more stable;

Question 29

What happens when potassium reacts with oxygen?

Answer 29

potassium gives its outer shell electron to oxygen; potassium becomes +1;
oxygen gains electrons from two potassium atoms;
to becomes -2;
they both have full outer shells and so are stable

Question 30

What type of structures do ionic compounds form?

Answer 30

Giant ionic lattice

Question 31

How does ionic bonding work?

Answer 31

There are positively charge ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions);
They have opposite charges and therefore attract one another;
Due to electrostatic attraction.

Question 32

What are the thermal properties of ionic compounds?

Answer 32

They have high melting and boiling points.

Question 33

Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?

Answer 33

The electrostatic forces are strong between the ions in the giant ionic lattice.

Question 34

What are the electrical conductivity properties of ionic compounds?

Answer 34

They do not conduct as solids; as the ions are fixed in the giant lattice.
They do conduct as liquids or in aqueous solution; as the ions are free to move.

Question 35

Do ionic compounds dissolve in aqueous solution?

Answer 35

Most do; to a lesser or greater extent.