2. Ionic Bonding Flashcards
When a neutral atom loses electrons it becomes…
Positively charged
When a neutral atom gains electrons it becomes…
Negatively charged
What is the name of a charged particle?
Ion
What is the name of a positively charged particle?
cation
What is the name of a negatively charged particle?
anion
What is the charge of ions of elements in group 2?
+ 2
What is the charge of ions of elements in group 7?
- 1
What is the charge of ions of elements in group 1?
+ 1
What is the charge of ions of elements in group 3?
+ 3
What is the charge of ions of elements in group 6?
- 2
What is the charge of ions of elements in group 5?
- 3
What is the charge of a silver (Ag) ion?
Ag+
What is the charge of a copper (Cu) ion?
Cu2+
What are the two possible charges of a iron (Fe) ion?
Fe2+ and Fe3+
What is the charge of a lead (Pb) ion?
Pb2+
What is the charge of a zinc (Zn) ion?
Zn2+
What is the charge of a hydrogen (H) ion?
H+
What is the formula and charge of a hydroxide ion?
OH-
What is the formula and charge of an ammonium ion?
NH4+
What is the formula and charge of a carbonate ion?
CO3 2-
What is the formula and charge of a nitrate ion?
NO3 -
What is the formula and charge of a sulfate ion?
SO4 2-
How can you determine the number of each ion required in an ionic equation?
The overall charge must be zero;
leading to a neutrally charged particle.
What is the formula of sodium hydroxide?
NaOH
Na+ and OH-
What is the formula of potassium carbonate?
K2CO3
2 x K+ and CO3 2-
What is the formula of copper carbonate, copper nitrate and copper sulfate?
CuCO3
Cu(NO3)2
CuSO4
What happens when chlorine reacts with sodium?
sodium gives its outer shell electron to chlorine; sodium becomes +1;
chlorine becomes -1;
they both have full outer shells and so are stable
What happens when zinc reacts with oxygen?
zinc gives two electron to oxygen;
zinc becomes +2;
oxygen becomes -2;
both ions are more stable;
What happens when potassium reacts with oxygen?
potassium gives its outer shell electron to oxygen; potassium becomes +1;
oxygen gains electrons from two potassium atoms;
to becomes -2;
they both have full outer shells and so are stable
What type of structures do ionic compounds form?
Giant ionic lattice
How does ionic bonding work?
There are positively charge ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions);
They have opposite charges and therefore attract one another;
Due to electrostatic attraction.
What are the thermal properties of ionic compounds?
They have high melting and boiling points.
Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
The electrostatic forces are strong between the ions in the giant ionic lattice.
What are the electrical conductivity properties of ionic compounds?
They do not conduct as solids; as the ions are fixed in the giant lattice.
They do conduct as liquids or in aqueous solution; as the ions are free to move.
Do ionic compounds dissolve in aqueous solution?
Most do; to a lesser or greater extent.
