2. INDUSTRIALIZATION PERIOD (1868-1940) 09.19.18

Question 1

Industrialization period

Answer 1

• rapid industrialization
• migration from rural areas to urban centres
• social problems slowly transformed from local issues to regional and national issues
• poverty (individual failure)
• incidence of industrial deaths, disease and injury climbed

Question 2

Workmen’s Compensation Act (1914)

Answer 2

• help business not workers
• restricts the money they need to pay the workers
• predictable injuries
• no one can sue

Question 3

WWI (1914-1918)

Answer 3

• huge losses
• widows with dependent children (Mother’s pension)
• veterans = poverty
• workers’ demand increased
• favourable weather for agricultural production
• Imperial Munitions Board
• ships and airplanes
• income increased
• women into workforce
• strain on federal govt. financial resources
• Business Profit Tax Act (1916)
• Income War Tax (1917)
• increase in inflation

Question 4

end of wwi

Answer 4

• increase in unemployment

- manufacturers and owners owned major profits

Question 5

Mothers’ Pension

Answer 5

• adopted in five provinces between 1916-1920
• first the first PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
• provincial governments
• challenged conventional wisdom that only private charities could do family and child work
• result of series of socio-economic forces
• widowed mothers seen as worthy
• rural support system
• divorce and desertion more common
• women’s voting rights
• back home

Question 6

Old Age Pensions Act 1927

Answer 6

• fed. govt will share cost with provinces
• max pension was $20 per month
• 70 years old who lived in Canada for 20 years
• income less than $365 per year
• Status Indian were excluded

Question 7

Great Depression 1930s

Answer 7

• Stock Market Crash
• severe drought in Prairie Provinces
• mass unemployment and seriously depressed standard of living
• most unemployment policy was developed at the municipal level
• federal government: only assisting in emergency situations
• social welfare still seen as RESIDUAL
• fed. government: proper responsibility
• fluctuations of business cycle best left to the forces of the marketplace
• poverty: no longer seen as individual failure

Question 8

New Deal

Answer 8

• public works programs
• build roads and parks
• created workhouse
• hardwork little income
• Bennett

Question 9

social unrest adn political action

Regina Riot 1935

Answer 9

• train ride to riot

Question 10

Federal Unemployment Insurance Act 1940

Answer 10

• help veterans

- defense of Bennett

Question 11

Keynesian Economic Theory

Answer 11

• based on govt spending
• fiscal theory
• income –> spending –> inflation
• active govt intervention to reduce inflation