( 2 ) Human Respiratory System Flashcards
What is breathing ( BREATH AIR )
Process of inhaling and exhaling by the lungs
Breathing Mechanism
__->__->__->__->__->__->__->__
Nostrils
Nasal Cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchioles
Alveolus
What happens when you inhale
Intercostal Muscle Contract and rib cage pulls upwards
Diaphragm muscles contract and pull the diaphragm flat
Thoracic cavity bigger and air pressure decreases
What happens when you exhale
Intercostal muscle relaxes and rib cage moves downwards
Diaphragm muscles relax and curve upwards
Thoracic cavity smaller and air pressure increases which pushes air out
Haemoglobin + oxygen = ?
oxyhaemoglobin
Importance of adaptations of the alveolar structure
Increase efficiency and maximise the exchange of gases in the human body
What are the adaptations of the alveolar structure?
Thickness of t he walls of alveolus and blood capillaries
Moist wall of alveolus
Surface area of alveolus
Substances harmful to the human respiratory system
Cigarette tar. carbon monoxide, Sulphur dioxide, Nitrogen dioxide, haze, dust and pollen
Where is carbon monoxide found?
Cigarette smoke and exhaust gases of motor vehicles
Carbon monoxide + Haemoglobin = ?
carboxyhaemoglobin
Where is sulphur dioxide found?
Combustion of coal
Where is nitrogen dioxide found?
Combustion of fuels
Examples of respiratory diseases
Asthma. Bronchitis, Emphysema and Lung cancer :skull:
What is a passive smoker
a person who doesnt smoke but inhales cigarette smoke is known as passive smoker
