2. hardy Weinberg equation Flashcards
define alley frequency
proportion of a allele in gene pool
define genotype
proportion of each genotype (x1x1,x2x2,etc) in the population
we learned that if allele or genotype frequnecy is occurring this means
evolution is occurring
allele frequency equation is .
of copies of the allele in the population / total # of all alleles in the population
many forms of alleles is called
polymorphic
name 3 genotypes
AA(homo domo) , Aa(hetero) , aa (homo recessive)
give equation for frequency of allele A
2N AA = N Aa / 2N
give equation for frequency of allele a
2N aa + N Aa / 2N
if there is only 1 allele its freuqunecy willl always be?
1 therefore it is fixed and the population is monomporphoc
p =
frequency of allele A
q =
frequency of alllele a
genetic structure of a population =
allele and genotype freuqndcy
hardy Weinberg equilibrium means?
condition where allele frequency DOES NOT change so evolution does NOT occur
what are the condones that use be met for hard Weinberg equilibrium (5)
- random mating 2. population size is infinite (genetic drift happens in small populations) 3. no mutation 4. no gene flow 5. no natural selection
if all these condones (5) are hold then the allele frequencies will?
remain constant
what is the 2nd hardy weignbery problem
p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
after 1 gen. of random mating the allele frequencies are ______ and the genotype freuqncies ……
unchanged
return to hard weignberg expectations
why is it important when no expectation is happening?
use full to predict genotype frequencies from allele freuqncies
PRACTICE : within a population of butterflies the color brown (B) is dominant over the color white (b) and 40% of all butterflies are white. Given the simple information calculate the following:
1. the % of butterflies in the population that are heterozygous
2. the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals
hehe look at the back of the lesson for math
1. 46.5%
2. 0.135
