2. Glycolysis

Question 1

what are the two stages of glycolysis

Answer 1

Phosphorylation and oxidation

Question 2

Glycolysis is the first stage of ——— and ——– respiration

Answer 2

aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Question 3

outline glycolysis

Answer 3

1. Glucose is phosphorylated by adding two phosphates from two molecules of ATP.
2. it then splits to produce 2 x 3C molecules of TP
3. triose phosphate is oxidised, losing hydrogen and phosphate, forming 2x pyruvates
4. 2 reduced NADH are formed
5. there is a net gain of 2 ATP

Question 4

what are the products of glycolysis from one glucose molecule

Answer 4

• 2x NADH
• 2x pyruvate
• 2x ATP

Question 5

what happens to the products of glycolysis during anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

in plants- converted into ethanol using NADH
animals and bacteria- lactate acid using NADH

Question 6

what type of anaerobic respiration occurs in plants

Answer 6

Alchoholic fermentation

Question 7

outline the process of alcoholic fermentation

Answer 7

pyruvate —> CO2 is released –> ethanal —> H is added from NADH —> ethanol

Question 8

anaerobic respiration regenerates ___, so that glycolysis can continue when there is limited oxygen and more co-enzymes, after a period of time lactate is _______ back to pyruvate

Answer 8

1. NAD
2. Oxidised

Question 9

what is an oxygen debt

Answer 9

the oxygen needed to oxidise lactic acid in the period of recovery after exercise